Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.
Breast J. 2009 Nov-Dec;15(6):615-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4741.2009.00812.x. Epub 2009 Aug 17.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting women worldwide. Women are at an increased risk of developing both physical and psychological morbidity after diagnosis; however, many use different strategies to cope with the disease. The aim of this article is to review the available literature on the impact of breast cancer diagnoses and the strategies used by women to cope with this disease. The implications of these emerging findings are extrapolated within the context of health services provided in developing countries. Electronic databases were used to search the relevant literature. The findings showed that women who were diagnosed with breast cancer are at risk of developing several psychological morbidities such as depression, anxiety, fatigue, negative thoughts, suicidal thoughts, fear of dying, sense of aloneness, sexual and body images problems, as well as an overall decrease in the quality of life. Several strategies are used by women with breast cancer to cope with the disease, including positive cognitive restructuring, wishful thinking, emotional expression, disease acceptance, increased religious practice, family and social support, and yoga and exercise. Breast cancer diagnoses have been associated with several devastating psychological consequences; however, many women have used different coping strategies to adjust their lives accordingly. Healthcare professionals in developing countries, who work with women with breast cancer, should be aware of the different coping mechanisms that women use when diagnosed with cancer. Integrating a coping strategy into the treatment regimen would constitute an important milestone in the palliative care of patients with breast cancer.
乳腺癌是全球范围内影响女性最常见的癌症。女性在诊断后，身体和心理都会面临更高的发病风险；然而，许多女性会采用不同的策略来应对这种疾病。本文旨在综述乳腺癌诊断对女性的影响以及女性用来应对这种疾病的策略的相关文献。这些新发现的影响在发展中国家提供的卫生服务背景下进行了推断。利用电子数据库搜索了相关文献。研究结果表明，被诊断患有乳腺癌的女性会面临多种心理疾病的风险，如抑郁、焦虑、疲劳、负面想法、自杀想法、对死亡的恐惧、孤独感、性和身体形象问题，以及整体生活质量下降。患有乳腺癌的女性会采用多种策略来应对疾病，包括积极的认知重构、一厢情愿、情感表达、疾病接受、增加宗教实践、家庭和社会支持以及瑜伽和锻炼。乳腺癌诊断与多种毁灭性的心理后果相关；然而，许多女性会采用不同的应对策略来相应地调整生活。与乳腺癌女性一起工作的发展中国家的医疗保健专业人员应了解女性在被诊断患有癌症时使用的不同应对机制。将应对策略纳入治疗方案将成为乳腺癌患者姑息治疗的一个重要里程碑。
