Friedrich N, Völzke H, Schwahn C, Kramer A, Jünger M, Schäfer T, John U, Kocher T
Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Ernst Moritz Arndt University Greifswald, Germany.
Clin Exp Allergy. 2006 Apr;36(4):495-502. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2006.02455.x.
Periodontitis is an infection with systemic effects and a high prevalence among adults. In the aetiology of allergic diseases the hygiene hypothesis claims that infections in early infancy may protect against allergic diseases.
The aim of the present analyses was to investigate the independent relation between periodontitis and respiratory allergies such as hayfever, house dust mite (HDM) allergy and asthma.
From the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) a total number of 2837 subjects aged 20 to 59 years were included in the analysis. In our study population 326, 111 and 114 subjects were classified as suffering from hayfever, HDM allergy or asthma, respectively. The attachment loss (AL) were measured. Periodontitis was defined according to the percentage of surfaces which exceeded 3 mm AL [healthy: 0-7.7%, mild: 7.8-28.6%, moderate: 28.7-63.9%, severe: >63.9%]. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using logistic regression.
After adjustment for confounding factors these analyses revealed inverse associations between periodontitis and hayfever as well as periodontitis and HDM allergy. For increasing AL, a trend of decreasing risk could be observed for hayfever (healthy: reference; mild AL: OR 0.87 [95%-CI 0.6-1.2]; moderate AL: OR 0.80 [95% CI 0.6-1.2]; server AL: OR 0.53 [95% CI 0.3-0.9]; P(trend)=0.01) and for HDM allergy (healthy: reference; mild AL: OR 0.80 [95% CI 0.5-1.3]; moderate AL: OR 0.64 [95% CI 0.3-1.2]; server AL: OR 0.39 [95% CI 0.2-0.9]; P(trend)=0.02). Furthermore, for asthma were observed a slightly inverse association in the full-adjusted model (healthy: reference; mild AL: OR 1.10 [95% CI 0.6-2.0]; moderate AL: OR 0.96 [95% CI 0.5-1.8]; server AL: OR 0.48 [95% CI 0.2-1.0]; P(trend)=0.11).
There is an inverse association between periodontitis and respiratory allergies. Our results might support the hygiene hypothesis.
牙周炎是一种具有全身影响的感染性疾病，在成年人中患病率较高。在过敏性疾病的病因学中，卫生假说认为婴儿早期感染可能预防过敏性疾病。
本分析的目的是研究牙周炎与呼吸道过敏（如花粉症、屋尘螨（HDM）过敏和哮喘）之间的独立关系。
从波美拉尼亚健康研究（SHIP）中，共有2837名年龄在20至59岁之间的受试者纳入分析。在我们的研究人群中，分别有326、111和114名受试者被分类为患有花粉症、HDM过敏或哮喘。测量附着丧失（AL）。根据超过3mm AL的表面百分比定义牙周炎[健康：0 - 7.7%，轻度：7.8 - 28.6%，中度：28.7 - 63.9%，重度：>63.9%]。使用逻辑回归计算优势比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。
在对混杂因素进行调整后，这些分析揭示了牙周炎与花粉症以及牙周炎与HDM过敏之间的负相关关系。对于花粉症，随着AL增加，可观察到风险降低的趋势（健康：参照组；轻度AL：OR 0.87[95% - CI 0.6 - 1.2]；中度AL：OR 0.80[95% CI 0.6 - 1.2]；重度AL：OR 0.53[95% CI 0.3 - 0.9]；P（趋势）=0.01），对于HDM过敏也是如此（健康：参照组；轻度AL：OR 0.80[95% CI 0.5 - 1.3]；中度AL：OR 0.64[95% CI 0.3 - 1.2]；重度AL：OR 0.39[95% CI 0.2 - 0.9]；P（趋势）=0.02）。此外，对于哮喘，在完全调整模型中观察到轻微的负相关关系（健康：参照组；轻度AL：OR 1.10[95% CI 0.6 - 2.0]；中度AL：OR 0.96[95% CI 0.5 - 1.8]；重度AL：OR 0.48[95% CI 0.2 - 1.0]；P（趋势）=0.11）。
牙周炎与呼吸道过敏之间存在负相关关系。我们的结果可能支持卫生假说。
