Gold Diane R, Willwerth Ben M, Tantisira Kelan G, Finn Patricia W, Schaub Bianca, Perkins David L, Tzianabos Arthur, Ly Ngoc P, Schroeter Christian, Gibbons Fiona, Campos Hannia, Oken Emily, Gillman Matthew W, Palmer Lyle J, Ryan Louise M, Weiss Scott T
Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006 Apr;117(4):931-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.1322. Epub 2006 Feb 14.
N-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been hypothesized to have opposing influences on neonatal immune responses that might influence the risk of allergy or asthma. However, both n-3 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and n-6 arachidonic acid (AA) are required for normal fetal development.
We evaluated whether cord blood fatty acid levels were related to neonatal immune responses and whether n-3 and n-6 PUFA responses differed.
We examined the relation of cord blood plasma n-3 and n-6 PUFAs (n = 192) to antigen- and mitogen-stimulated cord blood lymphocyte proliferation (n = 191) and cytokine (IL-13 and IFN-gamma; n = 167) secretion in a US birth cohort.
Higher levels of n-6 linoleic acid were correlated with higher IL-13 levels in response to Bla g 2 (cockroach, P = .009) and Der f 1 (dust mite, P = .02). Higher n-3 EPA and n-6 AA levels were each correlated with reduced lymphocyte proliferation and IFN-gamma levels in response to Bla g 2 and Der f 1 stimulation. Controlling for potential confounders, EPA and AA had similar independent effects on reduced allergen-stimulated IFN-gamma levels. If neonates had either EPA or AA levels in the highest quartile, their Der f 1 IFN-gamma levels were 90% lower (P = .0001) than those with both EPA and AA levels in the lowest 3 quartiles. Reduced AA/EPA ratio was associated with reduced allergen-stimulated IFN-gamma level.
Increased levels of fetal n-3 EPA and n-6 AA might have similar effects on attenuation of cord blood lymphocyte proliferation and IFN-gamma secretion.
The implications of these findings for allergy or asthma development are not yet known.
有人提出，n-3和n-6多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）对新生儿免疫反应具有相反的影响，这可能会影响过敏或哮喘的风险。然而，正常的胎儿发育需要n-3二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和n-6花生四烯酸（AA）。
我们评估了脐带血脂肪酸水平是否与新生儿免疫反应相关，以及n-3和n-6多不饱和脂肪酸的反应是否存在差异。
在美国一个出生队列中，我们研究了脐带血血浆中n-3和n-6多不饱和脂肪酸（n = 192）与抗原和丝裂原刺激的脐带血淋巴细胞增殖（n = 191）以及细胞因子（IL-13和IFN-γ；n = 167）分泌之间的关系。
较高水平的n-6亚油酸与对Bla g 2（蟑螂，P = 0.009）和Der f 1（尘螨，P = 0.02）刺激产生的较高IL-13水平相关。较高的n-3 EPA和n-6 AA水平均与对Bla g 2和Der f 1刺激的淋巴细胞增殖减少和IFN-γ水平降低相关。在控制潜在混杂因素后，EPA和AA对变应原刺激的IFN-γ水平降低具有相似的独立作用。如果新生儿的EPA或AA水平处于最高四分位数，则他们的Der f 1 IFN-γ水平比EPA和AA水平均处于最低三个四分位数的新生儿低90%（P = 0.0001）。AA/EPA比值降低与变应原刺激的IFN-γ水平降低相关。
胎儿n-3 EPA和n-6 AA水平升高可能对脐带血淋巴细胞增殖和IFN-γ分泌的减弱具有相似的作用。
这些发现对过敏或哮喘发展的影响尚不清楚。
