Zhang Jian, Wang Yiqun, Meng Liping, Wang Chunrong, Zhao Wenhua, Chen Junshi, Ghebremeskel Kebreab, Crawford Michael A
Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2009;18(3):377-88.
The aim of this study was to investigate concentrations of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids in pregnant women and neonates from River/Lake, Coastal and Inland regions of China. Demographic, nutritional and anthropometric data, as well as blood samples (maternal and cord) were obtained. Plasma choline phosphglyceride (CPG) fatty acids were analysed. Median daily fatty acid intakes of the women from River/Lake, Coastal and Inland women were linoleic acid (LA), 20.2, 22.1, 31.7 g; arachidonic acid (AA), 157.2, 95.6, 141.3 mg; alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), 4.2, 1.0, 1.8 g; eicosapentenoic acid (EPA), 22.4, 28.6, 3.1 mg; docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), 51.7, 54.7, 33.3 mg and the n-3 to n-6 fatty acid ratio, 4.7, 20.9,17.2. The median maternal and cord plasma CPG AA levels of River/Lake, Coastal and Inland groups were 7.3 and 15.7, 6.7 and 16.1%, and 7.2 and 16.9%. The median maternal and neonatal DHA levels in the three regions were 3.2 and 4.7%, 3.0 and 4.3%, and 2.0 and 3.6%. There appears to be a close association between dietary intake of AA, EPA, DHA and the corresponding level in maternal plasma CPG (p<0.05). Based on these results, it can be concluded that the low intake of n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids such as EPA and DHA and the unbalanced n-6 to n-3 fatty acids ratio are the main problems in terms of dietary fat intake among Chinese pregnant women. Measures could be taken such as increasing the supply of oily fish or ALA rich edible oils to increase n-3 fatty acids intake for pregnant Chinese women.
本研究旨在调查中国河流/湖泊地区、沿海地区和内陆地区孕妇及新生儿体内n-3和n-6脂肪酸的浓度。收集了人口统计学、营养和人体测量数据以及血液样本（母体和脐带血）。分析了血浆胆碱磷酸甘油酯（CPG）脂肪酸。河流/湖泊地区、沿海地区和内陆地区女性的每日脂肪酸摄入量中位数分别为：亚油酸（LA），20.2、22.1、31.7克；花生四烯酸（AA），157.2、95.6、141.3毫克；α-亚麻酸（ALA），4.2、1.0、1.8克；二十碳五烯酸（EPA），22.4、28.6、3.1毫克；二十二碳六烯酸（DHA），51.7、54.7、33.3毫克，以及n-3与n-6脂肪酸比值，4.7、20.9、17.2。河流/湖泊地区、沿海地区和内陆地区组母体和脐带血浆CPG中AA水平的中位数分别为7.3%和15.7%、6.7%和16.1%、7.2%和16.9%。三个地区母体和新生儿DHA水平的中位数分别为3.2%和4.7%、3.0%和4.3%、2.0%和3.6%。膳食中AA、EPA、DHA的摄入量与母体血浆CPG中相应水平之间似乎存在密切关联（p<0.05）。基于这些结果，可以得出结论，中国孕妇膳食脂肪摄入方面的主要问题是n-3长链多不饱和脂肪酸如EPA和DHA的摄入量低以及n-6与n-3脂肪酸比例失衡。可以采取措施，如增加油性鱼类或富含ALA的食用油的供应，以增加中国孕妇的n-3脂肪酸摄入量。
