González R Carrillo, González-Chávez M C A
Soil Chemistry, IRENAT, Colegio de Postgraduados, Carr, México-Texcoco km 36.5, Montecillo, Mexico 56230, Mexico.
Environ Pollut. 2006 Nov;144(1):84-92. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2006.01.006. Epub 2006 Apr 24.
Four sites were selected for collection of plants growing on polluted soil developed on tailings from Ag, Au, and Zn mines at the Zacatecas state in Mexico. Trace element concentrations varied between sites, the most polluted area was at El Bote mine near to Zacatecas city. The ranges of total concentration in soil were as follows: Cd 11-47, Ni 19-26, Pb 232-695, Mn 1132-2400, Cu 134-186 and Zn 116-827 mg kg(-1) air-dried soil weight. All soil samples had concentrations above typical values for non-polluted soils from the same soil types (Cd 0.6+/-0.3, Ni 52+/-4, Pb 41+/-3mg kg(-1)). However, for the majority of samples the DTPA-extractable element concentrations were less than 10% of the total. Some of the wild plants are potentially metal tolerant, because they were able to grow in highly polluted substrates. Plant metal analysis revealed that most species did not translocate metals to their aerial parts, therefore they behave as excluder plants. Polygonum aviculare accumulated Zn (9236 mg kg(-1)) at concentrations near to the criteria for hyperaccumulator plants. Jatropha dioica also accumulated high Zn (6249 mg kg(-1)) concentrations.
在墨西哥萨卡特卡斯州，从银、金和锌矿尾矿上发育的污染土壤中选取了四个地点来采集生长的植物。不同地点的微量元素浓度各不相同，污染最严重的区域位于靠近萨卡特卡斯市的埃尔博特矿。土壤中总浓度范围如下：镉11 - 47、镍19 - 26、铅232 - 695、锰1132 - 2400、铜134 - 186和锌116 - 827毫克/千克（风干土重）。所有土壤样本的浓度均高于相同土壤类型的未污染土壤的典型值（镉0.6±0.3、镍52±4、铅41±3毫克/千克）。然而，对于大多数样本，DTPA可提取元素浓度不到总量的10%。一些野生植物具有潜在的金属耐受性，因为它们能够在高度污染的基质中生长。植物金属分析表明，大多数物种不会将金属转运到地上部分，因此它们表现为排斥型植物。扁蓄积累了锌（9236毫克/千克），其浓度接近超富集植物的标准。麻风树也积累了高浓度的锌（6249毫克/千克）。
