WPA Section on Anxiety and Obsessive Compulsive Disorders.
World Psychiatry. 2005 Jun;4(2):121-5.
In the past ten years, there has been increasing recognition that children who have been exposed to traumatic events can, like traumaexposed adults, develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Practitioners therefore need to be able to recognise and treat post-traumatic stress reactions in children. However, the direct application of adult diagnostic criteria for PTSD can result in the misdiagnosis of post-traumatic stress reactions in children, while research has only recently begun to investigate the effectiveness of different treatments for children with PTSD. This article discusses issues regarding the assessment and diagnosis of post-traumatic stress reactions in children at different developmental stages, considers neurobiological, cognitive and other factors that are theorized to increase the risk of PTSD in trauma-exposed children, and evaluates current psychotherapeutic and pharmacotherapeutic treatments for childhood PTSD. The need for more systematic research on the management of PTSD in children is noted.
在过去的十年中，越来越多的人认识到，经历过创伤性事件的儿童可能会像经历过创伤的成年人一样，患上创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）。因此，从业者需要能够识别和治疗儿童的创伤后应激反应。然而，直接应用成人 PTSD 诊断标准可能导致儿童创伤后应激反应的误诊，而研究直到最近才开始调查不同治疗方法对 PTSD 儿童的有效性。本文讨论了不同发育阶段儿童创伤后应激反应评估和诊断的问题，考虑了理论上增加创伤暴露儿童 PTSD 风险的神经生物学、认知和其他因素，并评估了目前治疗儿童 PTSD 的心理治疗和药物治疗方法。本文指出，需要对儿童 PTSD 的管理进行更系统的研究。
