Thompson Beti, Coronado Gloria, Chen Lu, Islas Ilda
Cancer Prevention Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N; M3-B232, P.O. Box 19024, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
Cancer Causes Control. 2006 Jun;17(5):733-46. doi: 10.1007/s10552-006-0006-x.
Compared to non-Hispanic whites, Hispanics in the United States are at higher risk for certain types of cancer.
In a randomized controlled trial of 20 communities, we examined whether a comprehensive intervention influenced cancer screening behaviors and lifestyle practices in rural communities in Eastern Washington State. Cross-sectional surveys at baseline and post-intervention included interviews with a random sample of approximately 100 households per community. The interview included questions on ever use and recent use of Pap test, mammogram, and fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy, fruit and vegetable consumption and smoking practices.
We found few significant changes in use of screening services for cervical (Pap test), breast (mammogram) or colorectal cancer (fecal occult blood test (FOBT) or sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy) between intervention and control communities. We found no significant differences in fruit and vegetable consumption nor in smoking prevalence between the two groups. We found more awareness of and participation in intervention activities in the treatment communities than the control communities.
Our null findings might be attributable to the low dose of the intervention, a cohort effect, or contamination of the effect in non-intervention communities. Further research to identify effective strategies to improve cancer prevention lifestyle behaviors and screening practices are needed.
与非西班牙裔白人相比，美国的西班牙裔患某些类型癌症的风险更高。
在一项针对20个社区的随机对照试验中，我们研究了一项综合干预措施是否会影响华盛顿州东部农村社区的癌症筛查行为和生活方式。在基线和干预后进行的横断面调查包括对每个社区约100户家庭的随机样本进行访谈。访谈内容包括关于巴氏试验、乳房X光检查、粪便潜血试验（FOBT）和乙状结肠镜检查/结肠镜检查的既往使用情况和近期使用情况的问题，以及水果和蔬菜消费及吸烟习惯的问题。
我们发现，干预社区和对照社区在宫颈癌（巴氏试验）、乳腺癌（乳房X光检查）或结直肠癌（粪便潜血试验（FOBT）或乙状结肠镜检查/结肠镜检查）筛查服务的使用方面几乎没有显著变化。我们发现两组在水果和蔬菜消费以及吸烟率方面没有显著差异。我们发现，与对照社区相比，治疗社区对干预活动的知晓度和参与度更高。
我们的阴性结果可能归因于干预措施的低剂量、队列效应或非干预社区中效应的混杂。需要进一步开展研究，以确定改善癌症预防生活方式行为和筛查实践的有效策略。
