Nosofsky Robert M, Stanton Roger D
Department of Psychology, Indiana University Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2006 Apr;32(2):314-34. doi: 10.1037/0096-1523.32.2.314.
Observers made speeded old-new recognition judgments of color stimuli embedded in a multidimensional similarity space. The paradigm used multiple lists but with the underlying similarity structures repeated across lists, to allow for quantitative modeling of the data at the individual-participant and individual-item levels. Correct-rejection response times (RTs) got systematically faster as the similarity of foils to the old study items decreased. There were also intricate patterns of speed-accuracy trade-offs that varied across individual items and participants. An exemplar-based random-walk model provided a good overall quantitative account of the recognition choice probabilities, mean correct RTs, and mean error RTs associated with the individual items on the basis of their positions in multidimensional similarity space. However, the model failed to predict the very long RTs associated with correct rejections of a prototype foil.
观察者对嵌入多维相似性空间中的颜色刺激进行了快速的新旧识别判断。该范式使用了多个列表，但各列表间潜在的相似性结构重复出现，以便在个体参与者和个体项目层面进行数据的定量建模。随着干扰项与旧学习项目的相似性降低，正确拒绝反应时间（RTs）系统性地加快。个体项目和参与者之间还存在复杂的速度 - 准确性权衡模式。基于范例的随机游走模型，根据个体项目在多维相似性空间中的位置，对识别选择概率、平均正确RTs和与个体项目相关的平均错误RTs提供了良好的整体定量解释。然而，该模型未能预测与正确拒绝原型干扰项相关的极长RTs。
