Jacobs David M, Michaels Claire F
Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2006 Apr;32(2):443-58. doi: 10.1037/0096-1523.32.2.443.
J. J. Gibson (1966, 1979) suggested that improvement in perception and action can be attributed in part to changes in which variable is attended to. Such reattunement has been demonstrated with observers making judgments in response to simulations. The present study sought attunement changes in the perception of real events and in visually guided action. In 3 experiments, adults judged the passing distance of or attempted to catch balls. Discrete measures and the predictions of a modified required velocity model (e.g., R. J. Bootsma, V. Fayt, F. T. J. M. Zaal, & M. Laurent, 1997) were used to reveal which variables were exploited. Participants differed from each other and, to some extent, changed in the optical variables used, in catching as well as judging. Nevertheless, the changes were much smaller than in previous simulation-judgment studies; calibration was also found to underlie the improvements in performance.
J. J. 吉布森（1966年，1979年）提出，感知和行动的改善部分可归因于所关注变量的变化。这种重新调整已在观察者对模拟做出判断时得到证实。本研究旨在探究真实事件感知和视觉引导行动中的调整变化。在3个实验中，成年人判断球的通过距离或试图接球。采用离散测量和修正后的所需速度模型（例如，R. J. 布茨马、V. 费伊特、F. T. J. M. 扎尔和M. 洛朗，1997年）的预测来揭示所利用的变量。参与者彼此不同，并且在接球和判断时所使用的光学变量在一定程度上有所变化。然而，这些变化比之前的模拟判断研究中的变化要小得多；校准也被发现是表现改善的基础。
