Storsaeter Jann, Wolter Joanne
GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, PO Box 516, SE-169 29 Solna, Sweden.
Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2006 May;11(2):195-205. doi: 10.1517/14728214.11.2.195.
Current vaccines against pertussis have proved their safety and efficacy in large-scale clinical trials. Despite high vaccination coverage, pertussis is still prevalent and increasing, probably as a result of waning immunity. Addition of new antigens, such as adenylate cyclase, to current vaccines might improve some aspects of the immune response to vaccination, but are unlikely to significantly increase the duration of protection. Intranasal, oral and DNA pertussis vaccines are some way from clinical development, although one live attenuated, intranasal pertussis vaccine may soon enter Phase I trials. In the meantime, the potential of currently available safe and efficacious pertussis vaccines should be maximised. Rationalisation of pertussis boosters in childhood and introduction of widespread repeat booster vaccination in adolescents and adults would already lessen disease prevalence and morbidity among susceptible infants.
目前的百日咳疫苗已在大规模临床试验中证明了其安全性和有效性。尽管疫苗接种覆盖率很高，但百日咳仍然流行且呈上升趋势，这可能是免疫力下降所致。在现有疫苗中添加新抗原，如腺苷酸环化酶，可能会改善疫苗接种免疫反应的某些方面，但不太可能显著延长保护期。鼻内、口服和DNA百日咳疫苗距离临床应用还有一段路要走，不过一种减毒活鼻内百日咳疫苗可能很快进入I期试验。与此同时，应充分发挥现有安全有效的百日咳疫苗的潜力。合理安排儿童期百日咳加强免疫，并在青少年和成人中广泛推行重复加强免疫，将有助于降低易感婴儿中的疾病流行率和发病率。
