Helzer John E, Badger Gary J, Searles John S, Rose Gail L, Mongeon Joan A
College of Medicine, Health Behavior Research Center, University of Vermont, South Burlington, Vermont 05403, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2006 May;30(5):802-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2006.00093.x.
The relationship between stress and alcohol consumption has been shown in recent research to be more complex than originally thought. Cross-sectional and short-term longitudinal studies may not provide adequate data to address subtle but important relationships that impact consumption frequency and/or quantity.
Participants were 33 males recruited from local bars who reported their alcohol consumption, stress, and other related variables every day for 2 years. Reports were provided by automated telephone to a computer-based interactive voice response (IVR) system. By closely monitoring call completion, we were able to collect over 95% of the daily calls.
Using hierarchical linear modeling, daily stress was found to be associated with daily alcohol consumption, but in the opposite direction than would be predicted by a "drinking to cope" hypothesis. That is, same-day stress was found to be inversely related to consumption levels. Prior day's stress was not significantly associated with subsequent day's consumption; however, prior day's consumption was predictive of subsequent stress for up to 2 days. Similar analyses using week, rather than day, as the unit of measure paralleled these findings.
This study highlights the utility of using long-term daily process data to address important research and clinical questions in the alcohol field.
近期研究表明，压力与酒精消费之间的关系比最初认为的更为复杂。横断面研究和短期纵向研究可能无法提供足够的数据来处理影响消费频率和/或数量的细微但重要的关系。
从当地酒吧招募了33名男性参与者，他们连续2年每天报告自己的酒精消费、压力及其他相关变量。通过自动电话向基于计算机的交互式语音应答（IVR）系统提供报告。通过密切监测通话完成情况，我们能够收集到超过95%的日常通话。
使用分层线性模型发现，每日压力与每日酒精消费相关，但方向与“借酒消愁”假设所预测的相反。也就是说，当日压力与消费水平呈负相关。前一天的压力与次日的消费没有显著关联；然而，前一天的消费在长达2天的时间内可预测随后的压力。以周而非天为测量单位进行的类似分析也得出了这些结果。
本研究强调了使用长期每日过程数据来解决酒精领域重要研究和临床问题的实用性。
