Kikkert Myrna A, Ribbers Gerard M, Koudstaal Peter J
Rijndam Rehabilitation Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2006 May;87(5):728-32. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2006.02.002.
Alien hand syndrome (AHS) is a rare condition that occurs in patients with brain injury. It has also been described in stroke subjects, after callosotomy, and in corticobasal degeneration. The common feature of AHS is the involuntary autonomous activity of the affected extremity that is perceived as being controlled by an external force. AHS as a nosologic entity has been challenged. A complex variety of abnormal involuntary motor behaviors may follow cerebral lesions in different cerebral locations such as the corpus callosum, the parietal, or frontal regions. Although different subtypes of AHS have been distinguished, this classification clearly does not cover the wide clinical variety of abnormal (involuntary) motor behaviors of the upper extremity. In this report, we provide a review of literature on abnormal involuntary motor behaviors of the upper extremity after a stroke, which may help to improve early recognition of AHS and facilitate adjustment of rehabilitation therapy. Furthermore, we briefly discuss the complex variety of abnormal, involuntary motor behaviors that may follow after cerebral lesions, their anatomic substrates, the underlying mechanisms, and the prognosis.
异己手综合征（AHS）是一种发生于脑损伤患者的罕见病症。在中风患者、胼胝体切开术后患者以及皮质基底节变性患者中也有相关描述。AHS的共同特征是患侧肢体出现不自主的自主活动，患者感觉这些活动受外力控制。AHS作为一种疾病实体受到了质疑。在不同脑区（如胼胝体、顶叶或额叶）发生脑损伤后，可能会出现各种各样复杂的异常不自主运动行为。尽管已区分出AHS的不同亚型，但这种分类显然并未涵盖上肢异常（不自主）运动行为广泛的临床变化。在本报告中，我们对中风后上肢异常不自主运动行为的文献进行了综述，这可能有助于提高对AHS的早期识别并促进康复治疗的调整。此外，我们简要讨论了脑损伤后可能出现的各种各样复杂的异常不自主运动行为、其解剖学基础、潜在机制及预后。
