Witten M L, Lantz R C, Grad R, Seidner S, Hubbard A K, Quan S F, Lemen R J
Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson.
Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol. 1991 Dec;74(3):259-72.
We studied the effects of acute smoke exposure on lung and alveolar macrophage (AM) function in New Zealand white rabbits. Six rabbits were exposed to smoke (SE, N = 6) and a control group of rabbits (SS, N = 6) were exposed to sham smoke. The smoke exposure consisted of 60 tidal volume breaths of air and smoke which were aspirated by syringe from a sampling port of a smoke chamber. The smoke was generated by the combustion of 20 ml diesel fuel and 0.2 g polycarbonate plastic shavings. The smoke was administered in 8-9 min. The rabbits were then killed and the lungs were removed for lavage. Acute smoke exposure caused a significant (p = 0.037) increase in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid levels of leukotriene B4 in the SE rabbits; 643 (+/- 30, SEM) pg/ml compared to 539 (+/- 43, SEM) pg/ml for SS rabbits at 3-4 min post-exposure. Lung surfactant, measured as mumoles/kg phosphatidylcholine, was decreased (p = 0.039) in SE rabbits' bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, 1.07 (+/- 0.12, SEM) -vs- 1.45 (+/- 0.15, SEM) for SS. Furthermore, cultured SE alveolar macrophage superoxide secretion after stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate was significantly decreased versus SS alveolar macrophage superoxide values at 40 min in culture. We conclude that acute smoke exposure causes immediate increases in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid levels of LTB4, and decreases in alveolar macrophage superoxide production and lung surfactant. These changes in chemical mediators may contribute to the lung injury caused by the smoke insult.
我们研究了急性烟雾暴露对新西兰白兔肺和肺泡巨噬细胞（AM）功能的影响。六只兔子暴露于烟雾中（烟雾暴露组，N = 6），另一组作为对照组（假烟雾暴露组，N = 6）的兔子暴露于假烟雾中。烟雾暴露包括通过注射器从烟雾箱的采样口吸入60次潮气量的空气和烟雾。烟雾由20毫升柴油燃料和0.2克聚碳酸酯塑料刨花燃烧产生。烟雾在8 - 9分钟内给予。然后处死兔子，取出肺进行灌洗。急性烟雾暴露导致烟雾暴露组兔子支气管肺泡灌洗液中白三烯B4水平显著升高（p = 0.037）；暴露后3 - 4分钟时，烟雾暴露组为643（±30，标准误）皮克/毫升，而假烟雾暴露组为539（±43，标准误）皮克/毫升。以微摩尔/千克磷脂酰胆碱衡量的肺表面活性物质在烟雾暴露组兔子的支气管肺泡灌洗液中减少（p = 0.039），烟雾暴露组为1.07（±0.12，标准误），假烟雾暴露组为1.45（±0.15，标准误）。此外，在用佛波酯肉豆蔻酸酯刺激后，培养40分钟时，烟雾暴露组肺泡巨噬细胞的超氧化物分泌与假烟雾暴露组肺泡巨噬细胞的超氧化物值相比显著降低。我们得出结论，急性烟雾暴露会导致支气管肺泡灌洗液中LTB4水平立即升高，肺泡巨噬细胞超氧化物产生减少以及肺表面活性物质减少。这些化学介质的变化可能导致烟雾损伤引起的肺损伤。
