Jhala A, Rathod P H, Patel K C, Van Damme P
AICRP on Weed Control, B.A. College of Agriculture, Gujarat Agricultural University, Anand-388 110, Gujarat, India.
Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci. 2005;70(3):493-500.
Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) productivity in India is low, because of many problems beset in its cultivation. One of the serious problems are weeds. Groundnut yield losses due to weeds have been estimated as high as 24 to 70 percent. This has created a scope for using herbicides in groundnut crop. A field investigation was carried out during kharif (rainy) season of 2001-2002 on a sandy loam soil at College Agronomy Farm, B.A. College of Agriculture, Gujarat Agricultural University, Anand, India to study the effect of weed management practices and Rhizobium inoculation on growth and yield of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Ten weed control treatments, comprising four treatments of sole application of fluchloralin, pendimethalin, butachlor and metolachlor, respectively each applied at 1.0 kg ha(-1); four treatments comprising of an application of the same herbicides at the same levels coupled with one hand weeding at 30 DAS; one weed-free treatment (hand weedings at 15, 30, 45 DAS); and one unweeded control. All 10 treatmets were combined with and without Rhizobium inoculation (i.e. a total of 20 treatment combinations) under a factorial randomized complete block design (FRBD) with four replications. Minimum weed dry matter accumulation (70 kg/ha) with higher weed control efficiency (90.70%) was recorded under an integrated method i.e. pendimethalin at 1.0 kg ha(-1) + hand weeding at 30 DAS, which also resulted in maximum pod yield (1773.50 kg ha(-1)). This treatment was comparable to fluchloralin applied at 1.0 kg ha(-1) combined with hand- weeding at 30 DAS. Weedy conditions in the unweeded control treatment reduced pod yield by 29.90-35.95% as compared to integrated method. Significantly higher pod yield was obtained with Rhizobium inoculation than the mean value of all treatments without inoculation. For most agronomical parameters examined, Rhizobium inoculation and weed control treatments were independent in their effect.
由于花生（落花生）种植过程中面临诸多问题，印度的花生产量较低。其中一个严重问题是杂草。据估计，杂草造成的花生产量损失高达24%至70%。这为在花生作物中使用除草剂创造了空间。2001 - 2002年雨季期间，在印度阿南德古吉拉特农业大学BA农学院农学农场的砂壤土上进行了一项田间调查，以研究杂草管理措施和根瘤菌接种对花生（落花生）生长和产量的影响。十种杂草控制处理，包括分别以1.0千克/公顷的用量单独施用氟乐灵、二甲戊灵、丁草胺和异丙甲草胺的四种处理；四种处理包括以相同水平施用相同除草剂并在播种后30天进行一次人工除草；一种无杂草处理（在播种后15、30、45天进行人工除草）；以及一种不除草对照。所有10种处理在接种根瘤菌和不接种根瘤菌的情况下（即总共20种处理组合），采用析因随机完全区组设计（FRBD），重复四次。在综合方法（即1.0千克/公顷的二甲戊灵 + 播种后30天人工除草）下，记录到杂草干物质积累量最低（70千克/公顷），杂草控制效率较高（90.70%）。这也带来了最高的荚果产量（1773.50千克/公顷）。该处理与1.0千克/公顷的氟乐灵 + 播种后30天人工除草相当。与综合方法相比，不除草对照处理中的杂草状况使荚果产量降低了29.90% - 35.95%。接种根瘤菌获得的荚果产量显著高于所有未接种处理的平均值。对于所考察的大多数农艺参数，根瘤菌接种和杂草控制处理的效果相互独立。
