Guo Hong-qian, Li Xiao-gong, Gan Wei-dong, Yan Xiang
Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China.
Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2006 Mar 15;44(6):389-91.
To assess the safety and efficacy of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) using ureteroscope and pneumatic intracorporeal lithotripsy in the pediatric age group.
Twenty-two renal units in 15 patients underwent PCNL at our institute. The patients were all under 14 years old. The average age was 9 years (range 5-14 years). There were 7 bilateral, 8 multiple, and 5 staghorn calculi. The average calculus size was 2.0 (0.9-4.5) cm. The PCNL was done with an X ray-guided peripheral puncture, a planned staged approach in some cases, and minimal tract dilatation with the use of an ureteroscope and pneumatic intracorporeal lithotripsy.
Complete stone clearance was achieved in 20 renal units, giving an overall clearance rate of 91%. Minor pyrexia (< 39 degrees C, < 2 days) was seen in 14 patients, whereas serious pyrexia was seen in 1. The average fall in hemoglobin was 10 g/L, but none of the patients required blood transfusion.
It is safe and effective to cure pediatric urolithiasis with percutaneous nephrolithotomy using ureteroscope and pneumatic intracorporeal and pneumatic intracorporeal lithotripsy.
评估输尿管镜联合气压弹道碎石术在小儿经皮肾镜取石术（PCNL）中的安全性和有效性。
15例患者的22个肾脏单位在我院接受了PCNL。患者均未满14岁，平均年龄为9岁（范围5 - 14岁）。其中双侧结石7例，多发结石8例，鹿角形结石5例。结石平均大小为2.0（0.9 - 4.5）cm。PCNL采用X线引导下的经皮肾穿刺，部分病例采用分期手术，使用输尿管镜联合气压弹道碎石术进行最小通道扩张。
20个肾脏单位结石完全清除，总体清除率为91%。14例患者出现低热（<39℃，<2天），1例出现高热。血红蛋白平均下降10 g/L，但无一例患者需要输血。
输尿管镜联合气压弹道碎石术经皮肾镜取石术治疗小儿尿路结石安全有效。
