Lederman Michael M, Offord Robin E, Hartley Oliver
Case Western Reserve University, 2061 Cornell Road, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Nat Rev Immunol. 2006 May;6(5):371-82. doi: 10.1038/nri1848.
The HIV epidemic is, by many criteria, the worst outbreak of infectious disease in history. The rate of new infections is now approximately 5 million per year, mainly in the developing world, and is increasing. Women are now substantially more at risk of infection with HIV than men. With no cure or effective vaccine in sight, a huge effort is required to develop topical agents (often called microbicides) that, applied to the vaginal mucosa, would prevent infection of these high-risk individuals. We discuss the targets for topical agents that have been identified by studies of the biology of HIV infection and provide an overview of the progress towards the development of a usable agent.
从许多标准来看，艾滋病疫情是历史上最严重的传染病爆发。目前每年新增感染率约为500万，主要发生在发展中世界，且呈上升趋势。现在女性感染艾滋病毒的风险比男性大得多。由于看不到治愈方法或有效的疫苗，需要付出巨大努力来开发局部用药（通常称为杀微生物剂），将其应用于阴道黏膜可预防这些高危人群感染。我们讨论了通过艾滋病毒感染生物学研究确定的局部用药靶点，并概述了开发可用药物方面取得的进展。
