Thatcher Dawn L, Clark Duncan B
Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2006 Jan-Mar;18(1):151-7. doi: 10.1515/ijamh.2006.18.1.151.
Among adults, chronic alcohol dependence is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). While it is unlikely that adolescents with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) would exhibit CVD, they might show elevated CVD risk factors. The purpose of this study was to compare CVD risk factors in adolescents with AUDs and an adolescent reference group. Adolescents with AUDs were recruited from treatment sources and reference adolescents were recruited from the community. Information about smoking behavior, exercise, and diet were gathered from interview and self-report measures. Body mass index and blood pressure were determined by physical exam and a blood sample was drawn to measure serum cholesterol and triglycerides. Compared with the reference group, adolescents with AUDs reported significantly more smoking, were less likely to report exercising regularly, and were less likely to report eating a balanced diet. Adolescents with AUDs were not more likely to be overweight or to exhibit hypertension, and lipid levels were also not significantly elevated. These results indicated that adolescents with AUDs endorsed problematic health behaviors while not yet exhibiting the consequences of these behaviors. Interventions focusing on health behaviors in conjunction with addiction treatment might help improve long-term health outcomes in adolescents with AUDs.
在成年人中，慢性酒精依赖与心血管疾病（CVD）相关。虽然患有酒精使用障碍（AUDs）的青少年不太可能出现心血管疾病，但他们可能会表现出心血管疾病风险因素升高。本研究的目的是比较患有酒精使用障碍的青少年与青少年参照组的心血管疾病风险因素。患有酒精使用障碍的青少年从治疗机构招募，参照青少年从社区招募。通过访谈和自我报告措施收集有关吸烟行为、运动和饮食的信息。通过体格检查确定体重指数和血压，并抽取血样测量血清胆固醇和甘油三酯。与参照组相比，患有酒精使用障碍的青少年报告的吸烟情况显著更多，报告定期锻炼的可能性更小，报告饮食均衡的可能性更小。患有酒精使用障碍的青少年超重或患高血压的可能性并不更高，血脂水平也没有显著升高。这些结果表明，患有酒精使用障碍的青少年认可有问题的健康行为，但尚未表现出这些行为的后果。结合成瘾治疗关注健康行为的干预措施可能有助于改善患有酒精使用障碍的青少年的长期健康状况。
