Cochat P, Cochat N
Unité de néphrologie pédiatrique, hôpital Edouard-Herriot, Lyon, France.
Pediatrie. 1991;46(6-7):521-6.
The risks of acute pyelonephritis in infants concern microbial invasion and parenchymal damage. There is a high rate of septicemia and of urinary malformations in children under 1 yr of age; in addition, the kidney is a growing organ with a high risk of scarring. Such parenchymal injury may lead to arterial hypertension, and renal failure when bilateral. Vesicoureteric reflux must be evaluated by ultrasound and cystogram; long-term renal scarring needs to be assessed by scintigraphy or pyelography when children are 7 yr old. Short- and long-term risks could be limited by early intravenous biantibiotherapy.
婴儿急性肾盂肾炎的风险涉及微生物入侵和实质损害。1岁以下儿童败血症和泌尿系统畸形的发生率很高；此外，肾脏是一个正在生长的器官，有很高的瘢痕形成风险。这种实质损伤可能导致动脉高血压，双侧损伤时可导致肾衰竭。必须通过超声和膀胱造影评估膀胱输尿管反流；7岁儿童时需要通过闪烁扫描或肾盂造影评估长期肾脏瘢痕形成。早期静脉联合抗生素治疗可限制短期和长期风险。
