Borsa Philippe
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Département des Ressources Vivantes, BP A5, 98848 Nouméa cedex, Nouvelle-Calédonie.
C R Biol. 2006 Apr;329(4):277-88. doi: 10.1016/j.crvi.2006.01.004. Epub 2006 Feb 17.
Four hundred twenty three marine mammals, in 72 stranding events, were recorded between 1877 and 2005 in New Caledonia, the Loyalty Islands, and Vanuatu in the southwest Pacific. Sixteen species were represented in this count, including: minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata (1 single stranding), sei whale, B. borealis (1 single stranding), blue whale, B. musculus (1 single stranding), humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae (2 single strandings), giant sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus (18 single strandings, 2 pair strandings), pygmy sperm whale, Kogia breviceps (5 single strandings), dwarf sperm whale, K. sima (2 single strandings, 1 triple stranding), Blainville's beaked whale, Mesoplodon densirostris (2 single strandings), short-finned pilot whale, Globicephala macrorhynchus (4 strandings, 56 individuals), melon-headed whale, Peponocephala electra (1 single stranding and 2 mass strandings totalling 231 individuals), common dolphin, Delphinus delphis (1 single stranding), spinner dolphin, Stenella longirostris (1 pair stranding and 2 mass strandings of groups of approximately 30 individuals each), Indian Ocean bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops aduncus (2 single strandings), dugong, Dugong dugon (14 single strandings), and New Zealand fur seal, Arctocephalus forsteri (3 single strandings). A stranded rorqual identified as an Antarctic minke whale (B. bonaerensis), with coloration patterns that did not match known descriptions, was also reported. Sei whale was recorded for the first time in the tropical Southwest Pacific region and Antarctic minke whale, melon-headed whale, and Indian Ocean bottlenose dolphin were recorded for the first time in New Caledonia. Strandings of sperm whales were most frequent in the spring, but also occurred in autumn months, suggesting a seasonal pattern of occurrence possibly related to seasonal migration. One stranded humpback whale bore the scars of a killer whale's attack and one dugong was injured by a shark. Scars left by propellers were noted on several stranded animals including one Antarctic minke whale, one pygmy sperm whale, one dwarf sperm whale, and four dugongs. Collisions with vessels were suspected to be a frequent cause of death for dugong.
1877年至2005年间，在西南太平洋的新喀里多尼亚、洛亚蒂群岛和瓦努阿图记录了72起搁浅事件中的423头海洋哺乳动物。此次统计涵盖了16个物种，包括：小须鲸，小鳁鲸（1次单头搁浅）；塞鲸，北须鲸（1次单头搁浅）；蓝鲸，大须鲸（1次单头搁浅）；座头鲸，新英格兰座头鲸（2次单头搁浅）；巨头鲸，抹香鲸（18次单头搁浅，2次双头搁浅）；侏虎鲸，小虎鲸（5次单头搁浅）；小抹香鲸，小抹香鲸（2次单头搁浅，1次三头搁浅）；布兰氏喙鲸，瘤齿喙鲸（2次单头搁浅）；短鳍领航鲸，大吻领航鲸（4次搁浅，56头个体）；瓜头鲸，瓜头鲸（1次单头搁浅和2次群体搁浅，共计231头个体）；普通海豚，真海豚（1次单头搁浅）；长吻飞旋海豚，长吻飞旋海豚（1次双头搁浅和2次群体搁浅，每组约30头个体）；印度洋瓶鼻海豚，宽吻海豚（2次单头搁浅）；儒艮，儒艮（14次单头搁浅）；新西兰海狗，福氏海狗（3次单头搁浅）。还报告了一头被鉴定为南极小须鲸（南极小鳁鲸）的须鲸搁浅，其颜色图案与已知描述不符。塞鲸首次在热带西南太平洋地区被记录，南极小须鲸、瓜头鲸和印度洋瓶鼻海豚首次在新喀里多尼亚被记录。抹香鲸搁浅在春季最为频繁，但秋季也有发生，这表明其出现可能存在季节性模式，可能与季节性迁徙有关。一头搁浅的座头鲸身上有虎鲸攻击的伤痕，一头儒艮被鲨鱼咬伤。在几头搁浅动物身上发现了螺旋桨留下的疤痕，包括一头南极小须鲸、一头侏虎鲸、一头小抹香鲸和四头儒艮。与船只的碰撞被怀疑是儒艮死亡的常见原因。
