Roberts Kathy S, Struble Marie Boyle, McCullum-Gomez Christine, Wilkins Jennifer L
Hunterdon Medical Center, Flemington, NJ, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2006 May;106(5):719-27. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2006.02.008.
The complex issues surrounding the application of genetic engineering to food and agriculture have generated a contentious debate among diverse interest groups. One pervasive dimension in the resultant discourse is the varying perceptions of the risks and benefits of genetically engineered foods and crops. In the risk communication model, technical information is evaluated within the context of an individual's values and perceptions. The purpose of this study was to explore how dietetics professionals respond to a complex set of interrelated issues associated with genetically engineered foods and crops and to identify what varying viewpoints may exist. Participants were asked to sort a total of 48 statements distributed across eight issue areas according to level of agreement and disagreement. Using Q methodology, a total of 256 sortings were analyzed using the centroid method and varimax rotation in factor analysis. Three distinct viewpoints emerged: Precautionary (R(2)=43%), Discerning Supporter (R(2)=11%), and Promoting (R(2)=5%). Across all viewpoints, respondents agreed that dietetics professionals should employ critical thinking skills to communicate the social, economic, environmental, ethical, and technical aspects of genetically engineered foods and crops. The findings have implications for how dietetics professionals can foster an open interchange of information among diverse groups.
围绕基因工程在食品和农业中的应用所产生的复杂问题，在不同利益集团之间引发了一场有争议的辩论。在由此产生的讨论中，一个普遍存在的方面是对转基因食品和作物的风险与益处的不同看法。在风险沟通模型中，技术信息是在个人价值观和认知的背景下进行评估的。本研究的目的是探讨营养专业人员如何应对与转基因食品和作物相关的一系列复杂的相互关联问题，并确定可能存在哪些不同观点。参与者被要求根据同意和不同意的程度，对分布在八个问题领域的总共48条陈述进行分类。使用Q方法，在因子分析中使用质心法和方差最大化旋转对总共256种分类进行了分析。出现了三种不同的观点：预防型（R(2)=43%）、审慎支持者型（R(2)=11%）和促进型（R(2)=5%）。在所有观点中，受访者一致认为，营养专业人员应运用批判性思维技能，来传达转基因食品和作物的社会、经济、环境、伦理和技术方面的信息。这些发现对于营养专业人员如何促进不同群体之间的信息公开交流具有启示意义。
