Department of Agronomy and Soils, and Department of Forestry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36830.
Plant Physiol. 1971 Jan;47(1):144-8. doi: 10.1104/pp.47.1.144.
Amitrole (3-amino-s-triazole), dichlormate (3,4-dichlorobenzyl methylcarbamate), and pyriclor (2,3,5-trichloro-4-pyridinol) inhibited normal carotenogenesis in etiolated wheat (Triticum aestivum L. var. Coker 65-20) seedlings. Carotenoid precursors accumulated in treated plants. In dichlormate-treated plants, zeta-carotene accumulated, whereas phytofluene, phytoene, and zeta-carotene accumulated in amitrole- and pyriclor-treated plants. None of the herbicides interfered with protochlorophyllide synthesis or its conversion to chlorophyllide when etiolated plants were illuminated. Chlorophyll accumulated in treated plants exposed to light at 60 foot candles, but was unstable and partially destroyed by illumination at 4000 foot candles. These data suggest that the phytotoxicity of amitrole, pyriclor, and dichlormate is due to inhibition of the synthesis of carotenoids and to the consequent photodestruction of chlorophyll and chloroplast disruption.
氨唑草酮（3-氨基-1,2,4-三唑）、双氯甲草酸盐（3,4-二氯苄基甲基氨基甲酸酯）和吡唑草酮（2,3,5-三氯-4-吡啶醇）抑制了黄化小麦（Triticum aestivum L. var. Coker 65-20）幼苗的正常类胡萝卜素生物合成。在处理过的植物中积累了类胡萝卜素前体。在双氯甲草酸盐处理的植物中，ζ-胡萝卜素积累，而在氨唑草酮和吡唑草酮处理的植物中积累了番茄红素、八氢番茄红素和ζ-胡萝卜素。当黄化植物被光照时，这些除草剂都不会干扰原叶绿素的合成或其向叶绿素的转化。在 60 英尺烛光的光照下，处理过的植物中积累了叶绿素，但在 4000 英尺烛光的光照下，叶绿素不稳定且部分被破坏。这些数据表明，氨唑草酮、吡唑草酮和双氯甲草酸盐的植物毒性是由于抑制了类胡萝卜素的合成，从而导致了叶绿素的光破坏和叶绿体的破坏。
