美国年轻成年人中艾滋病毒感染率：青少年健康纵向研究的结果
Prevalence of HIV infection among young adults in the United States: results from the Add Health study.
作者信息
Morris Martina, Handcock Mark S, Miller William C, Ford Carol A, Schmitz John L, Hobbs Marcia M, Cohen Myron S, Harris Kathleen M, Udry J Richard
机构信息
Department of Sociology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98125, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2006 Jun;96(6):1091-7. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2004.054759. Epub 2006 May 2.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
We estimated HIV prevalence rates among young adults in the United States.
METHODS
We used survey data from the third wave of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, a random sample of nearly 19000 young adults initiated in 1994-1995. Consenting respondents were screened for the presence of antibodies to HIV-1 in oral mucosal transudate specimens. We calculated prevalence rates, accounting for survey design, response rates, and test performance.
RESULTS
Among the 13184 participants, the HIV prevalence rate was 1.0 per 1000 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.4, 1.7). Gender-specific prevalence rates were similar, but rates differed markedly between non-Hispanic Blacks (4.9 per 1000; 95% CI=1.8, 8.7) and members of other racial/ethnic groups (0.22 per 1000; 95% CI=0.00, 0.64).
CONCLUSIONS
Racial disparities in HIV in the United States are established early in the life span, and our data suggest that 15% to 30% of all cases of HIV occur among individuals younger than 25 years.
摘要
目的
我们估算了美国年轻成年人中的艾滋病毒流行率。
方法
我们使用了青少年健康全国纵向研究第三波的调查数据，该研究于1994 - 1995年对近19000名年轻成年人进行了随机抽样。同意参与的受访者接受了口腔黏膜渗出液样本中HIV - 1抗体的筛查。我们计算了流行率，并考虑了调查设计、应答率和检测性能。
结果
在13184名参与者中，艾滋病毒流行率为每1000人中有1.0例（95%置信区间[CI]=0.4, 1.7）。按性别划分的流行率相似，但非西班牙裔黑人（每1000人中有4.9例；95% CI = 1.8, 8.7）与其他种族/族裔群体成员（每1000人中有0.22例；95% CI = 0.00, 0.64）之间的流行率差异显著。
结论
美国艾滋病毒方面的种族差异在生命早期就已存在，我们的数据表明，所有艾滋病毒病例中有15%至30%发生在25岁以下的人群中。
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