Raemakers Krit, Pereira Isolde, van Putten Herma Koehorst, Visser Richard
Laboratory of Plant Breeding, Graduate School of Experimental Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, The Netherlands.
Methods Mol Biol. 2006;318:101-9. doi: 10.1385/1-59259-959-1:101.
In cassava both direct and indirect somatic embryogenesis is described. Direct somatic embryogenesis starts with the culture of leaf explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with auxins. Somatic embryos undergo secondary somatic embryogenesis when cultured on the same medium. Indirect somatic embryogenesis is initiated by subculture of directly induced embryogenic tissue on auxin-supplemented medium with Gresshoff and Doy salts and vitamins. A very fine friable embryogenic callus (FEC) is formed after a few rounds of subculture and stringent selection. This FEC is maintained by subculture on auxin supplemented medium. Lowering of the auxin concentration allows the FEC to form mature somatic embryos that develop into plants when transferred to a cytokinin-supplemented medium.
木薯中描述了直接体细胞胚胎发生和间接体细胞胚胎发生。直接体细胞胚胎发生始于在添加了生长素的Murashige和Skoog（MS）培养基上培养叶片外植体。体细胞胚胎在相同培养基上培养时会经历次生体细胞胚胎发生。间接体细胞胚胎发生是通过将直接诱导的胚性组织在添加了生长素、Gresshoff和Doy盐及维生素的培养基上继代培养启动的。经过几轮继代培养和严格筛选后形成非常细小易碎的胚性愈伤组织（FEC）。这种FEC通过在添加生长素的培养基上继代培养来维持。降低生长素浓度可使FEC形成成熟的体细胞胚胎，当转移到添加细胞分裂素的培养基上时，这些胚胎会发育成植株。
