Pedersen Carsten B, Mortensen Preben Bo
National Centre for Register-based Research, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark.
Am J Epidemiol. 2006 Jun 1;163(11):971-8. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwj169. Epub 2006 May 4.
Many studies have identified urban-rural differences in schizophrenia risk. Hypothetical underlying cause(s) may include toxic exposures, diet, infections, and selective migration. The authors investigated whether the underlying cause(s) responsible for the urban-rural differences were rooted in families or in individuals. Linking data from the Danish Civil Registration System and the Danish Psychiatric Central Register, a population-based cohort of 711,897 people aged 15 years or more was established. Overall, 2,720 persons developed schizophrenia during the period 1970-2001. The authors evaluated whether the nearest older sibling's place of birth had an independent effect on schizophrenia risk. If the cause(s) responsible for the urban-rural differences are rooted in individuals only, the nearest older sibling's place of birth should have no independent effect. In this analysis, the nearest older sibling's place of birth had an independent effect; among persons who lived in a rural area during their first 15 years of life, the relative risk was 1.59 (95% confidence interval: 1.10, 2.30) if their nearest older sibling had been born in the capital area as compared with a rural area. Some of the cause(s) responsible for the urban-rural differences in schizophrenia risk are rooted in families, but some might also be rooted in individuals.
许多研究已经确定了精神分裂症风险方面的城乡差异。潜在的根本原因可能包括接触有毒物质、饮食、感染和选择性迁移。作者调查了导致城乡差异的根本原因是源于家庭还是个人。通过将丹麦民事登记系统和丹麦精神病学中央登记处的数据相链接，建立了一个基于人群的队列，其中包括711897名15岁及以上的人。总体而言，在1970年至2001年期间，有2720人患上了精神分裂症。作者评估了最年长同胞的出生地是否对精神分裂症风险有独立影响。如果导致城乡差异的原因仅源于个人，那么最年长同胞的出生地应该没有独立影响。在这项分析中，最年长同胞的出生地有独立影响；在15岁前生活在农村地区的人群中，如果他们最年长的同胞出生在首都地区而非农村地区，相对风险为1.59（95%置信区间：1.10，2.30）。导致精神分裂症风险城乡差异的一些原因源于家庭，但也可能有一些源于个人。
