Drews Timothy D, Temte Jonathan L, Fox Barry C
Department of Family Medicine, University of Wisconsin, USA.
WMJ. 2006 Jan;105(1):52-7.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) traditionally has been recognized as a virulent pathogen affiliated with health care institutions. However, community-associated strains of MRSA (CA-MRSA) have emerged over the past several years in young, healthy patients without significant health care contact. These isolates carry a distinct molecular makeup and lack the multidrug resistance pattern harbored by health care strains. CA-MRSA predominantly induces skin and soft tissue infections, though the presence of unique virulence factors may cause potentially lethal necrotizing pneumonia and other invasive infections. In response to this growing public health concern, clinicians must learn to identify risk factors for CA-MRSA, treat infections with judicious use of antimicrobial agents, and facilitate prevention strategies to limit transmission.
耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）传统上一直被认为是一种与医疗机构相关的毒性病原体。然而，在过去几年中，社区获得性MRSA（CA-MRSA）菌株在没有显著医疗接触的年轻健康患者中出现。这些分离株具有独特的分子构成，并且缺乏医疗机构菌株所具有的多重耐药模式。CA-MRSA主要引起皮肤和软组织感染，不过独特毒力因子的存在可能导致潜在致命的坏死性肺炎和其他侵袭性感染。针对这一日益严重的公共卫生问题，临床医生必须学会识别CA-MRSA的危险因素，明智地使用抗菌药物治疗感染，并推动采取预防策略以限制传播。
