Campobasso N, Dammacco F
Dipartimento di Scienze biomediche e Oncologia umana, Università, Bari.
Recenti Prog Med. 1991 Dec;82(12):642-51.
The discovery of monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) by Köhler and Milstein in 1975 has marked a fundamental step accounting for the present development of immuno-oncology. The use of MoAbs in the study of lung carcinoma has allowed to enlarge our knowledge on the biology and natural history of this tumor, on the diagnostic procedures both in vitro and in vivo, on the monitoring of patients as well as on the therapeutic potentialities. A number of MoAbs have been produced, directed either to the small cell lung carcinoma or to the other histotypes which are altogether defined as non-small cell lung carcinoma. Although these reagents are not specific sensu strictiori, their use has been shown to be of partial utility for tumor imaging by immunoscintigraphy and for immunotherapeutic procedures based on the administration of MoAbs conjugated with radioactive isotopes or immunotoxins. Several attempts are presently under way aiming at the production of MoAbs endowed with a more defined specificity and larger potentialities. In this context, a special mention deserve the so-called third-generation MoAbs, anti-idiotype MoAbs, the cocktails of MoAbs, and chimeric antibodies also termed humanized MoAbs.
1975年科勒和米尔斯坦发现单克隆抗体（MoAbs），这标志着免疫肿瘤学当前发展的一个重要阶段。在肺癌研究中使用单克隆抗体使我们对这种肿瘤的生物学和自然史、体外和体内诊断程序、患者监测以及治疗潜力有了更深入的了解。已经产生了许多针对小细胞肺癌或其他统称为非小细胞肺癌的组织学类型的单克隆抗体。尽管这些试剂并非严格意义上的特异性试剂，但已证明它们在通过免疫闪烁成像进行肿瘤成像以及基于施用与放射性同位素或免疫毒素偶联的单克隆抗体的免疫治疗程序中具有部分用途。目前正在进行多项尝试，旨在生产具有更明确特异性和更大潜力的单克隆抗体。在这方面，所谓的第三代单克隆抗体、抗独特型单克隆抗体、单克隆抗体混合物以及也称为人源化单克隆抗体的嵌合抗体值得特别提及。
