Jansson H, Lindholm E, Lindh C, Groop L, Bratthall G
Department of Periodontology, Centre for Oral Health Sciences, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden.
J Clin Periodontol. 2006 Jun;33(6):408-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2006.00929.x.
Several studies have found correlations between diabetes and an increased prevalence of periodontitis.
To analyse, in a group of subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D), (i) the association between medical characteristics and severe periodontal disease and (ii) dental care habits and knowledge of oral health.
One hundred and ninety-one subjects with T2D were examined. Based on assessment of marginal bone height in panoramic radiographs, two periodontal subgroups were identified: one periodontally diseased (PD+) and one periodontally healthy (PD-) group. All subjects completed a questionnaire about their medical and oral health.
Twenty per cent of the subjects were classified as PD+. This was verified by clinical parameters. PD+ individuals had higher haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels (p=0.033) and higher prevalences of cardiovascular complications (p=0.012). They were also less likely to be of Scandinavian origin (p=0.028) and more likely to smoke (p<0.001) than the PD- group. The PD+ group rated their oral health as poor (p<0.0001) and believed that T2D had an influence on their oral status (p<0.0001).
The best predictor for severe periodontal disease in subjects with T2D is smoking followed by HbA1c levels. T2D subjects should be informed about the increased risk for periodontal disease when suffering from T2D.
多项研究发现糖尿病与牙周炎患病率增加之间存在关联。
在一组2型糖尿病（T2D）患者中，分析（i）医学特征与重度牙周病之间的关联，以及（ii）牙科护理习惯和口腔健康知识。
对191名T2D患者进行检查。根据全景X线片中边缘骨高度的评估，确定了两个牙周亚组：一个牙周病组（PD+）和一个牙周健康组（PD-）。所有受试者均完成了一份关于其医学和口腔健康的问卷。
20%的受试者被归类为PD+。这通过临床参数得到了验证。PD+个体的糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）水平较高（p=0.033），心血管并发症的患病率较高（p=0.012）。与PD-组相比，他们具有斯堪的纳维亚血统的可能性较小（p=0.028），吸烟的可能性较大（p<0.001）。PD+组对其口腔健康的评价较差（p<0.0001），并认为T2D对其口腔状况有影响（p<0.0001）。
T2D患者重度牙周病的最佳预测因素是吸烟，其次是HbA1c水平。应告知T2D患者患T2D时牙周病风险增加。
