Torun Sebahat D, Bakirci Nadi
Department of Public Health, Marmara University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey.
BMC Public Health. 2006 May 5;6:125. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-6-125.
In order to control and eliminate the vaccine preventable diseases it is important to know the vaccination coverage and reasons for non-vaccination. The primary objective of this study was to determine the complete vaccination rate; the reasons for non-vaccination and the predictors that influence vaccination of children. The other objective was to determine coverage of measles vaccination of the Measles Immunization Days (MID) 2005 for children aged 9 month to 6 years in a region of Umraniye, Istanbul, Turkey.
A '30 x 7' cluster sampling design was used as the sampling method. Thirty streets were selected at random from study area. Survey data were collected by a questionnaire which was applied face to face to parents of 221 children. A Chi-square test and logistic regression was used for the statistical analyses. Content analysis method was used to evaluate the open-ended questions.
The complete vaccination rate for study population was 84.5% and 3.2% of all children were totally non-vaccinated. The siblings of non-vaccinated children were also non-vaccinated. Reasons for non-vaccination were as follows: being in the village and couldn't reach to health care services; having no knowledge about vaccination; the father of child didn't allow vaccination; intercurrent illness of child during vaccination time; missed opportunities like not to shave off a vial for only one child. In logistic regression analysis, paternal and maternal levels of education and immigration time of both parents to Istanbul were found to influence whether children were completely vaccinated or non-vaccinated. Measles vaccination coverage during MID was 79.3%.
Efforts to increase vaccination coverage should take reasons for non-vaccination into account.
为了控制和消除疫苗可预防疾病，了解疫苗接种覆盖率和未接种疫苗的原因很重要。本研究的主要目的是确定全程接种率、未接种疫苗的原因以及影响儿童接种疫苗的预测因素。另一个目的是确定2005年土耳其伊斯坦布尔于斯屈达尔区9个月至6岁儿童麻疹免疫日的麻疹疫苗接种覆盖率。
采用“30×7”整群抽样设计作为抽样方法。从研究区域随机选择30条街道。通过问卷收集调查数据，该问卷面对面应用于221名儿童的父母。采用卡方检验和逻辑回归进行统计分析。采用内容分析法评估开放式问题。
研究人群的全程接种率为84.5%，所有儿童中有3.2%完全未接种疫苗。未接种疫苗儿童的兄弟姐妹也未接种疫苗。未接种疫苗的原因如下：住在村里，无法获得医疗服务；对疫苗接种不了解；孩子的父亲不允许接种疫苗；孩子在接种疫苗期间患了并发疾病；错过机会，比如只为一个孩子打开一小瓶疫苗。在逻辑回归分析中，发现父母的教育水平以及父母双方移民到伊斯坦布尔的时间会影响孩子是否完全接种疫苗。麻疹免疫日期间的麻疹疫苗接种覆盖率为79.3%。
提高疫苗接种覆盖率的努力应考虑未接种疫苗的原因。
