Colli Janet Laura, Colli Albert
Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Urol Oncol. 2006 May-Jun;24(3):184-94. doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2005.05.023.
Prostate cancer mortality rates vary widely across the world. The purpose of this study is to identify environmental factors associated with prostate cancer mortality risk. Prostate cancer mortality rates in 71 countries were compared to per capita food intake rates using age-adjusted cancer rates (year 2000) from the International Agency for Research on Cancer, and food consumption data (1990-1992) provided by the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations. Simple regression models were applied to prostate cancer mortality rates and consumption rates for 38 foods (or food categories), and sunlight levels (latitude from the equator and ultraviolet indexes). The analysis found a correlation between increased prostate cancer mortality rates and the consumption of total animal calories, total animal fat calories, meat, animal fat, milk, sugar, alcoholic beverages, and stimulants. The consumption of cereal grains and rice, in particular, correlated strongly with decreasing prostate cancer mortality. The analysis found that increased sunlight levels and consumption of oilseeds, soybeans, and onions also correlate with decreased prostate cancer mortality risk. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to build a regression model with minimum colinearity between the variables. Cereals, total animal fat calories, sugar, and onions are the foods that resulted in a model with the best fit. Cereals, ultraviolet index, sugar, and onions were the variables found to provide the best fit in a model when ambient sunlight exposure was included as a factor.
前列腺癌死亡率在全球范围内差异很大。本研究的目的是确定与前列腺癌死亡风险相关的环境因素。使用国际癌症研究机构的年龄调整癌症率（2000年）以及联合国粮食及农业组织提供的食物消费数据（1990 - 1992年），将71个国家的前列腺癌死亡率与人均食物摄入量进行比较。对38种食物（或食物类别）的前列腺癌死亡率和消费率以及日照水平（距赤道的纬度和紫外线指数）应用简单回归模型。分析发现，前列腺癌死亡率上升与总动物热量、总动物脂肪热量、肉类、动物脂肪、牛奶、糖、酒精饮料和兴奋剂的消费之间存在相关性。特别是谷物和大米的消费与前列腺癌死亡率下降密切相关。分析发现，日照水平增加以及油籽、大豆和洋葱的消费也与前列腺癌死亡风险降低相关。使用逐步多元回归分析来构建变量之间共线性最小的回归模型。谷物、总动物脂肪热量、糖和洋葱是产生最佳拟合模型的食物。当将环境日照暴露作为一个因素纳入时，谷物、紫外线指数、糖和洋葱是在模型中发现提供最佳拟合的变量。
