Gallese Vittorio
Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università di Parma, Via Volturno 39, 43100 Parma, Italy.
Brain Res. 2006 Mar 24;1079(1):15-24. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.01.054.
A direct form of experiential understanding of others, "intentional attunement", is achieved by modeling their behavior as intentional experiences on the basis of the activation of shared neural systems underpinning what the others do an feel and what we do and feel. This modeling mechanism is embodied simulation. In parallel with the detached sensory description of the observed social stimuli, internal representations of the body states associated with actions, emotions, and sensations are evoked in the observer, as if he/she would be doing a similar action or experiencing a similar emotion or sensation. Mirror neuron systems are likely the neural correlate of this mechanism. By means of a shared neural state realized in two different bodies, the "objectual other" becomes "another self". A defective intentional attunement caused by a lack of embodies simulation might cause some of the social impairments of autistic individuals.
一种对他人的直接体验式理解形式，即“意向协调”，是通过将他人的行为建模为意向性体验来实现的，其基础是共享神经系统的激活，这些系统支撑着他人的行为、感受以及我们自己的行为和感受。这种建模机制就是具身模拟。与对观察到的社会刺激进行 detached 感官描述并行的是，观察者会唤起与动作、情感和感觉相关的身体状态的内部表征，就好像他/她正在进行类似的动作或体验类似的情感或感觉。镜像神经元系统可能是这种机制的神经关联。通过在两个不同身体中实现的共享神经状态，“客观他人”变成了“另一个自我”。由缺乏具身模拟导致的意向协调缺陷可能会导致自闭症个体的一些社交障碍。
原文中“detached”这个词在这里不太明确其准确含义，可能是“分离的”“脱离的”等意思，结合语境大致翻译为“detached” ，你可根据实际情况进一步确认。
