Roberts Michael R, Paul Nigel D
Department of Biological Sciences, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.
New Phytol. 2006;170(4):677-99. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01707.x.
Plants frequently suffer attack from herbivores and microbial pathogens, and have evolved a complex array of defence mechanisms to resist defoliation and disease. These include both preformed defences, ranging from structural features to stores of toxic secondary metabolites, and inducible defences, which are activated only after an attack is detected. It is well known that plant defences against pests and pathogens are commonly affected by environmental conditions, but the mechanisms by which responses to the biotic and abiotic environments interact are only poorly understood. In this review, we consider the impact of light on plant defence, in terms of both plant life histories and rapid scale molecular responses to biotic attack. We bring together evidence that illustrates that light not only modulates defence responses via its influence on biochemistry and plant development but, in some cases, is essential for the development of resistance. We suggest that the interaction between the light environment and plant defence is multifaceted, and extends across different temporal and biological scales.
植物经常遭受食草动物和微生物病原体的攻击，并进化出一系列复杂的防御机制来抵御落叶和疾病。这些防御机制包括预先形成的防御，从结构特征到有毒次生代谢产物的储存，以及诱导性防御，后者仅在检测到攻击后才被激活。众所周知，植物对害虫和病原体的防御通常受环境条件影响，但对生物和非生物环境的反应相互作用的机制却知之甚少。在这篇综述中，我们从植物生活史以及对生物攻击的快速分子反应方面，探讨光照对植物防御的影响。我们汇总了相关证据，表明光照不仅通过影响生物化学和植物发育来调节防御反应，而且在某些情况下，对抗性的发展至关重要。我们认为，光照环境与植物防御之间的相互作用是多方面的，并且跨越不同的时间和生物学尺度。
