Teixeira Ana, Calejo Lucinda, Vasconcellos Gabriela, Rocha Gustavo, Centeno Maria José, Guimarães Hercília
Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital de São João, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto.
Acta Med Port. 2005 Nov-Dec;18(6):409-15. Epub 2006 Mar 6.
Over the last 20 years, assisted reproductive technology has been increasingly used. Ever since the first newborn resulting from artificial insemination, over two centuries ago, thousands more children were born resulting from these techniques. In Portugal, assisted reproductive technology began in 1985 at the Hospital de São João (HSJ). Although the success of these techniques is often judge by the pregnancy rate, occasionally by the birth rate, the most important issue of this evaluation should be the neonatal health. A retrospective study to evaluate the use of assisted reproductive technology at the HSJ, as well as the occurrence of complications during pregnancy and the evolution of the newborns in the neonatal period, during the period between 1999 and 2003, was undertaken. A hundred and thirty-eight pregnant women were included, which stands for about 1% of the total number of pregnant women at the HSJ in the period in question, with an average of age 32.2 +/- 4.1 and of infertility 6.2 +/- 3.8 years. The number of attempts for a successful pregnancy was 2.7 +/- 2.1. The most used technique was intracytoplasmatic sperm injection. Eighteen percent of the pregnancies resulted in abortion. The incidence of multiple pregnancies was 30%. A hundred and fifty-six infants were born, which stands for about 1% of the total number of births at the HSJ in the period in question, with a gestational age of 36.4 +/- 3 weeks and weight at birth of 2674.5 +/- 761.4 g. The incidence of preterm birth was 41%. Seventy-eight percent of the newborns had a good neonatal outcome, whereas the other 22% were admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit for an average period of 17 days. The most frequent neonatal morbidity was respiratory. One newborn died. Despite the need for several attempts of assisted reproductive technology, pregnancy complications, neonatal morbidity and mortality, the use of these techniques allowed for most couples to overcome their infertility problem.
在过去20年里，辅助生殖技术的使用越来越广泛。自两个多世纪前首例通过人工授精出生的新生儿诞生以来，通过这些技术又有数千名儿童出生。在葡萄牙，辅助生殖技术于1985年在圣若昂医院（HSJ）起步。尽管这些技术的成功率通常以妊娠率来评判，偶尔也以出生率来评判，但这种评估最重要的问题应该是新生儿健康。我们进行了一项回顾性研究，以评估1999年至2003年期间圣若昂医院辅助生殖技术的使用情况，以及孕期并发症的发生情况和新生儿在新生儿期的发育情况。研究纳入了138名孕妇，约占该时期圣若昂医院孕妇总数的1%，平均年龄为32.2±4.1岁，不孕时间为6.2±3.8年。成功怀孕的尝试次数为2.7±2.1次。最常用的技术是卵胞浆内单精子注射。18%的妊娠以流产告终。多胎妊娠的发生率为30%。共出生156名婴儿，约占该时期圣若昂医院出生总数的1%，孕周为36.4±3周，出生体重为2674.5±761.4克。早产发生率为41%。78%的新生儿新生儿结局良好，而另外22%的新生儿被送入新生儿重症监护病房，平均住院17天。最常见的新生儿疾病是呼吸系统疾病。有一名新生儿死亡。尽管辅助生殖技术需要多次尝试，存在孕期并发症、新生儿疾病和死亡情况，但这些技术使大多数夫妇能够克服不孕问题。
