Frasquilho Maria Antónia
Serviço de Psiquiatria, Hospital Miguel Bombarda, Lisboa.
Acta Med Port. 2005 Nov-Dec;18(6):433-43. Epub 2006 Mar 6.
This review is focused on doctors' occupational stress. A synthesis of the broad negative impact of distress is presented, as well as its spreading importance and magnitude according to recent research. Contemporary definitions of stress and burnout models are underlined with a remembering of their historical evolution. A synthesis of stress physiopathology is presented. The core risk factors of occupational medical stress are detailed and discussed, with more emphasis in those related to doctors vulnerabilities. Great need actually unmeeted regards the public recognition of the professional medical risks, the acceptance by the doctors of their normal fragility as humans, and their insight about their own vulnerabilities as a group with specifics professional representation. The conclusion is that there is a major and urgent need for the doctors to develop and practice competences of stress management.
本综述聚焦于医生的职业压力。文中阐述了职业压力带来的广泛负面影响，以及根据近期研究其日益增长的重要性和程度。强调了压力和职业倦怠模型的当代定义，并回顾了它们的历史演变。介绍了压力生理病理学的综合内容。详细讨论了职业医学压力的核心风险因素，尤其着重于与医生脆弱性相关的因素。在公众对职业医疗风险的认知、医生对自身作为普通人正常脆弱性的接受以及他们对自身作为具有特定职业代表性群体的脆弱性的洞察方面，实际存在着尚未满足的巨大需求。结论是，医生迫切需要培养和实践压力管理能力。
