Haverinen-Shaughnessy Ulla, Toivola Mika, Alm Sari, Putus Tuula, Nevalainen Aino
Department of Environmental Health, National Public Health Institute, Kuopio, Finland.
J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2007 Mar;17(2):182-90. doi: 10.1038/sj.jes.7500494. Epub 2006 May 10.
A total of 81 randomly selected elementary school teachers participated in two sampling campaigns conducted 2 weeks apart during the winter. A 24-h sample collection was performed using personal and microenvironmental sampling from homes, and an 8-h sample collection was performed from workplaces of the studied subjects. Filters were analyzed for particle mass, absorption coefficient of the filter, and for both total and viable microorganisms. Comprehensive questionnaire responses were collected from the teachers concerning weekly occurred symptoms during the previous 12-month period, and they filled in symptom diaries immediately after each sampling campaign concerning symptoms during the previous 24-h and 7-day periods. The effect of different recall periods on agreement between questionnaire responses was assessed. Factor analysis was used in order to identify factors explaining the pattern of correlations within the personal, home, and work measurements. Moreover, associations between personal, home, and work measurements of pollutants and symptoms were analyzed using general estimation equations. The recall period of 7 days seemed to provide the most reliable data for the health effect assessment. Information from the factor analysis may allow reduction of variables related to the exposure assessment, and better interpretation of results. Both personal exposure and concentrations of pollutants at home were more frequently associated with health symptoms than concentrations at work. In multipollutant analyses, absorbance coefficient was positively associated with eye symptoms, and total bacteria with both cough and blocked nose.
共有81名随机挑选的小学教师参加了在冬季相隔两周进行的两次抽样活动。使用个人采样和家庭微环境采样进行了24小时的样本采集，并从研究对象的工作场所进行了8小时的样本采集。对过滤器进行了颗粒物质量、过滤器吸收系数以及总微生物和活菌的分析。收集了教师关于前12个月期间每周出现症状的综合问卷回复，并且他们在每次采样活动后立即填写了关于前24小时和7天期间症状的症状日记。评估了不同回忆期对问卷回复一致性的影响。使用因子分析来识别解释个人、家庭和工作测量中相关模式的因素。此外，使用广义估计方程分析了污染物的个人、家庭和工作测量与症状之间的关联。7天的回忆期似乎为健康影响评估提供了最可靠的数据。因子分析的信息可能有助于减少与暴露评估相关的变量，并更好地解释结果。与工作场所的污染物浓度相比，个人暴露和家中污染物浓度与健康症状的关联更为频繁。在多污染物分析中，吸收系数与眼部症状呈正相关，总细菌与咳嗽和鼻塞均呈正相关。
