Rosenbloom Tova
Department of Criminology, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israsel.
J Safety Res. 2006;37(2):207-12. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2005.11.007. Epub 2006 May 11.
Through spontaneous driving observations, this study sought to examine the impact of using a hands-free cell phone while driving on speed and safe gap keeping behaviors. The study also examined the association between the measure of disturbance created by using a cell phone and the driver's awareness of the disturbance.
Twenty-three male adults were observed while driving for an hour and a half each; drivers were unaware of being observed. During the session, each of the participants received a phone call, initiated by an associate of the observer. The experiment was divided into two periods during which the experimental parameters were monitored: 10 minutes during conversation on a cell phone and 10 minutes of non-conversation on a hands-free cell phone. After the experiment, the driver was questioned concerning the extent to which his/her driving was disturbed by the cell phone conversation.
T-test for matched samples revealed that the gaps between the drivers' cars and those in front of them diminished when drivers were engaged in the cell phone conversations. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed that drivers that had short conversations did not change their speed, while drivers who were engaged in long (over 16 minutes) conversations drove faster. No effect of drivers' awareness toward cell phone-related disturbance on actual driving behavior monitored in the present study was found.
通过自然驾驶观察，本研究旨在探讨驾驶时使用免提手机对速度和保持安全车距行为的影响。该研究还考察了使用手机造成的干扰程度与驾驶员对干扰的认知之间的关联。
对23名成年男性进行观察，每位驾驶员驾驶一个半小时，且驾驶员并不知道自己正在被观察。在驾驶过程中，每位参与者都会接到由观察者的一名同事打来的电话。实验分为两个阶段，在此期间监测实验参数：使用手机通话10分钟和使用免提手机不通话10分钟。实验结束后，就手机通话对其驾驶造成干扰的程度对驾驶员进行询问。
配对样本t检验显示，驾驶员在进行手机通话时，其车辆与前车之间的车距会减小。重复测量方差分析显示，进行简短通话的驾驶员速度没有变化，而进行长时间（超过16分钟）通话的驾驶员驾驶速度更快。在本研究中，未发现驾驶员对手机相关干扰的认知对实际驾驶行为有影响。
