Sales Cristiane Hermes, Pedrosa Lucia de Fatima Campos
Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, UFRN, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Av. General Cordeiro de Farias, s/n, Petrópolis, Natal-RN, 59010-180, Brazil.
Clin Nutr. 2006 Aug;25(4):554-62. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2006.03.003. Epub 2006 May 11.
The aim of this review was to elaborate a synthesis about the discussions on magnesium and diabetes mellitus, in the last 14 years. The magnesium deficiency has been associated with chronic diseases, amongst them, diabetes mellitus. Epidemiological studies had shown low levels of magnesium ingestion in the general population, as well as a relation between the ingestion of food rich in magnesium and the reduction of diabetes installation and its complications. Hypomagnesemia is frequently present in diabetic patients, however there is not an exact elucidation of the mechanism of magnesium deficiency in diabetes mellitus. On the other hand, in the presence of this illness, it is observed that inadequate metabolic control can affect the corporal concentrations of magnesium, developing hypomagnesemia, which may be still directly related with some micro and macrovascular complications observed in diabetes, as cardiovascular disease, retinopathy and neuropathy. This way, the chronic complications of diabetes can appear precociously. Based on this, the supplementation with magnesium has been suggested in patients with diabetes mellitus who have proven hypomagnesemia and the presence of its complications.
本综述的目的是对过去14年中有关镁与糖尿病的讨论进行综合阐述。镁缺乏与包括糖尿病在内的慢性疾病有关。流行病学研究表明，普通人群中镁的摄入量较低，同时摄入富含镁的食物与糖尿病发病及其并发症的减少之间存在关联。低镁血症在糖尿病患者中很常见，然而，糖尿病中镁缺乏的机制尚未完全阐明。另一方面，在患有这种疾病的情况下，可以观察到代谢控制不佳会影响体内镁的浓度，导致低镁血症，这可能仍与糖尿病中观察到的一些微血管和大血管并发症直接相关，如心血管疾病、视网膜病变和神经病变。这样，糖尿病的慢性并发症可能会过早出现。基于此，对于已证实存在低镁血症及其并发症的糖尿病患者，建议补充镁。
