Ram Vidya Sagar, Vishnoi Ashutosh, Sharma Mimoh, Jaison Abel, Singh Nivedita
Department of General Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Uttar Pradesh, India 206130, India.
Department of Pharmacology, Autonomous State Medical College, Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 242226, India.
EJIFCC. 2024 Oct 30;35(3):189-194. eCollection 2024 Oct.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant and escalating global health concern, with Type 2 DM (T2DM) constituting approximately 90% of all DM cases. Magnesium (Mg) plays a crucial role in various physiological processes. Hypomagnesemia is prevalent in T2DM patients. The severity of hypomagnesemia correlates with glycemic control and is linked to the development of complications associated with T2DM.
The objective of our study was to evaluate the occurrence of hypomagnesemia in patients with T2DM and explore its association with both glycemic control and the development of complications in rural and urban populations.
The study consisted of 300 diabetic and 100 non-diabetic patients between 31 and 55 years of age. Fasting blood glucose, post-prandial blood glucose, and magnesium levels were estimated using a fully automated analyzer, Selectra Pro-XL. HbA1c was measured using Bio-Rad D10. Insulin levels were calculated using the chemiluminescence method. HOMA-IR was also assessed using a formula: fasting insulin (U/mL) multiplied by fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (mmol/L) divided by 22.5.
Magnesium levels were significantly lower in diabetic patients (1.34±0.29) than in the control (2.17±1.87) with p<0.0001. FBS (267.67±89.78 mg/dL vs. 167.87±76.87 mg/dL, p<0.0001), PPBS (376.87±112.87 mg/dL vs. 287.90±99.98 mg/dL, p<0.0001), HbA1c (9.54±2.6 % vs. 7.23±1.8 %, p<0.0001), Insulin (17.21±8.98 IU/mL vs. 14.87±5.98 IU/ mL, p=0.039) and HOMA-IR (7.32±3.67 vs. 6.13±0.99, p=0.012) were significantly elevated in the hypomagnesemia group than the normal magnesium levels. Magnesium levels were negatively correlated with FBS (r=-0.465; p<0.0001), PPBS (r=-0.596; p<0.0001, HbA1c (r=-0.765; p<0.0001), Insulin (r=-0.454; p<0.0001), and HOMA-IR (r=-0.325; p<0.0001).
Our study suggests that monitoring serum magnesium levels is crucial for individuals with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to manage hypomagnesemia, mitigate associated complications, and optimize overall care.
糖尿病（DM）是一个重大且日益严重的全球健康问题，其中2型糖尿病（T2DM）约占所有糖尿病病例的90%。镁（Mg）在各种生理过程中起着至关重要的作用。低镁血症在T2DM患者中很常见。低镁血症的严重程度与血糖控制相关，并与T2DM相关并发症的发生有关。
我们研究的目的是评估T2DM患者低镁血症的发生率，并探讨其与农村和城市人群血糖控制及并发症发生的关系。
该研究包括300名31至55岁的糖尿病患者和100名非糖尿病患者。使用全自动分析仪Selectra Pro-XL测定空腹血糖、餐后血糖和镁水平。使用Bio-Rad D10测量糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）。采用化学发光法计算胰岛素水平。还使用公式：空腹胰岛素（U/mL）乘以空腹血糖（FPG）（mmol/L）除以22.5来评估胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）。
糖尿病患者的镁水平（1.34±0.29）显著低于对照组（2.17±1.87），p<0.0001。低镁血症组的空腹血糖（FBS）（267.67±89.78 mg/dL对167.87±76.87 mg/dL，p<0.0001）、餐后血糖（PPBS）（376.87±112.87 mg/dL对287.90±99.98 mg/dL，p<0.0001）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）（9.54±2.6%对7.23±1.8%，p<0.0001）、胰岛素（17.21±8.98 IU/mL对14.87±5.98 IU/mL，p=0.039）和胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）（7.32±3.67对6.13±0.99，p=0.012）均显著高于正常镁水平组。镁水平与空腹血糖（r=-0.465；p<0.0001）、餐后血糖（r=-0.596；p<0.0001）、糖化血红蛋白（r=-0.765；p<0.0001）、胰岛素（r=-0.454；p<0.0001）和胰岛素抵抗指数（r=-0.325；p<0.0001）呈负相关。
我们的研究表明，监测血清镁水平对于2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者管理低镁血症、减轻相关并发症和优化整体护理至关重要。
