Bao S, Spielholz P, Howard N, Silverstein B
Safety & Health Assessment & Research for Prevention (SHARP) Program, Washington State Department of Labor and Industries, P.O. Box 44330, Olympia, WA 98504, USA.
Ergonomics. 2006 Mar 15;49(4):361-80. doi: 10.1080/00140130500520214.
An exposure measurement approach is described for quantifying repetitive hand activity of individual workers in a prospective epidemiological study on work-related upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders. A total of 733 subjects were involved in this study at the baseline. Hand activities were quantified by force and repetition. Force levels were measured by workers' self-reports, ergonomists' estimates based on observation and measurements with instrumentation. Repetition levels were measured by detailed time-motion analyses using two repetitive hand activity definitions and ergonomists' estimates using scales for the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists hand activity level and the Strain Index. Results showed that the present exposure assessment approach seems to be able to quantify force level and repetitiveness of hand activities. Repetitive hand activity is quantified differently depending on whether forceful hand exertion or repetitive muscle activity is used as the definition. These hand activity definitions may quantify different physical exposure phenomena. Individual exposure assessment is important in epidemiological research of musculoskeletal disorders as there are interactions between the individual subjects and the measured parameters. These interactions may vary between exposure parameters.
在一项关于工作相关上肢肌肉骨骼疾病的前瞻性流行病学研究中，描述了一种用于量化个体工人重复性手部活动的暴露测量方法。共有733名受试者在基线时参与了本研究。手部活动通过力量和重复性进行量化。力量水平通过工人的自我报告、基于观察的人机工程学估计以及使用仪器进行的测量来确定。重复性水平通过使用两种重复性手部活动定义的详细时间动作分析以及使用美国政府工业卫生学家会议手部活动水平量表和应变指数的人机工程学估计来测量。结果表明，目前的暴露评估方法似乎能够量化手部活动的力量水平和重复性。根据将有力的手部用力还是重复性肌肉活动用作定义，重复性手部活动的量化方式有所不同。这些手部活动定义可能量化不同的物理暴露现象。在肌肉骨骼疾病的流行病学研究中，个体暴露评估很重要，因为个体受试者与测量参数之间存在相互作用。这些相互作用可能因暴露参数而异。
