Reid M C, Van Ness Peter H, Hawkins Keith A, Towle Virginia, Concato John, Guo Zhenchao
Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 2006 Jun;19(2):98-105. doi: 10.1177/0891988706286513.
Among older persons, the effects of light to moderate alcohol consumption on cognitive function remain inadequately defined. The authors sought to determine whether light to moderate drinking is associated with better cognitive function among older men. Participants included men aged 65 years or older enrolled in a Veteran's Administration (VA) primary care clinic. Current (past 1 year) and lifetime use, cognitive functioning (as determined by the Trail Making Part B, Symbol Digit, FAS, and Hopkins Verbal Learning tests), and demographic, psychosocial, and medical status were obtained using standardized methods. Participants (N = 760) had a mean age of 74 (range, 65-89) years. Current drinkers (n = 509) as compared with never (n = 31) and former (n = 220) drinkers demonstrated significantly better cognitive performance on 3 (Trails B, Symbol Digit, and Hopkins Verbal Learning) of the 4 tests (P < .01 for all comparisons). In multiple linear regression models, current light to moderate drinking (ie, 7 or fewer drinks per week), as compared to a reference group of never and former drinkers, was associated with better performance on the Trails B, Symbol Digit, and Hopkins Verbal Learning tests (P < .01 for all comparisons). The number of years drinking 7 or fewer drinks per week also was independently associated with better cognitive performance. Current consumption of 7 or fewer drinks per week and the number of years drinking at this level are both associated with better cognitive performance in older male veterans receiving primary care. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that light to moderate drinking confers cognitive benefits to older persons.
在老年人中，轻度至中度饮酒对认知功能的影响仍未得到充分界定。作者试图确定轻度至中度饮酒是否与老年男性更好的认知功能相关。研究参与者包括在退伍军人管理局（VA）初级保健诊所登记的65岁及以上男性。使用标准化方法获取当前（过去1年）和终生饮酒情况、认知功能（通过连线测验B、符号数字测验、FAS测验和霍普金斯言语学习测验确定）以及人口统计学、社会心理和医疗状况。参与者（N = 760）的平均年龄为74岁（范围为65 - 89岁）。与从不饮酒者（n = 31）和曾经饮酒者（n = 220）相比，当前饮酒者（n = 509）在4项测试中的3项（连线测验B、符号数字测验和霍普金斯言语学习测验）上表现出显著更好的认知能力（所有比较的P < .01）。在多元线性回归模型中，与从不饮酒者和曾经饮酒者的参照组相比，当前轻度至中度饮酒（即每周饮用7杯或更少）与连线测验B、符号数字测验和霍普金斯言语学习测验的更好表现相关（所有比较的P < .01）。每周饮用7杯或更少酒的年数也与更好的认知表现独立相关。在接受初级保健的老年男性退伍军人中，每周饮用7杯或更少酒的当前饮酒量以及在此水平饮酒的年数均与更好的认知表现相关。这些发现与轻度至中度饮酒能给老年人带来认知益处的假设一致。
