Perfect John R
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center Durham, NC 27710, USA.
FEMS Yeast Res. 2006 Jun;6(4):463-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1567-1364.2006.00051.x.
The ability of fungi to grow well at mammalian body temperatures is a fundamental characteristic of invasive human fungal pathogens. Cryptococcus neoformans, with its genetics, molecular biology, robust animal models and clinical importance, has become a premier fungal model system for molecular fungal pathogenesis studies. There has been over a half century of study into how C. neoformans grows at high temperatures. However, recently the understanding of high-temperature growth at a molecular level has dramatically accelerated. Many strategies have been used to identify genes and over a dozen genes have already been identified to be necessary for high-temperature growth. It is likely that there are many more to discover. It is clear that, as further studies understand how this encapsulated yeast is able to withstand the stresses of high temperature at a genetic and molecular basis, we will also know more about how it and other fungal pathogens have evolved into well-established human pathogens.
真菌在哺乳动物体温下良好生长的能力是侵袭性人类真菌病原体的一个基本特征。新型隐球菌因其遗传学、分子生物学、完善的动物模型以及临床重要性，已成为分子真菌发病机制研究的首要真菌模型系统。关于新型隐球菌如何在高温下生长的研究已有半个多世纪。然而，最近在分子水平上对高温生长的理解有了显著加速。许多策略已被用于鉴定基因，并且已经鉴定出十几个基因是高温生长所必需的。很可能还有更多基因有待发现。显然，随着进一步的研究从遗传和分子层面了解这种有荚膜的酵母如何能够承受高温压力，我们也将更多地了解它以及其他真菌病原体是如何演变成成熟的人类病原体的。
