Zhang Y, Fernando W G D, de Kievit T R, Berry C, Daayf F, Paulitz T C
Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Can J Microbiol. 2006 May;52(5):476-81. doi: 10.1139/w05-152.
Pseudomonas chlororaphis PA23, Pseudomonas spp. strain DF41, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BS6 consistently inhibit infection of canola petals by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in both greenhouse and field experiments. Bacillus thuringiensis BS8, Bacillus cereus L, and Bacillus mycoides S have shown significant inhibition against S. sclerotiorum on plate assays. The presence of antibiotic biosynthetic or self-resistance genes in these strains was investigated with polymerase chain reaction and, in one case, Southern blotting. Thirty primers were used to amplify (i) antibiotic biosythetic genes encoding phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol, pyoluteorin, and pyrrolnitrin, and (ii) the zwittermicin A self-resistance gene. Our findings revealed that the fungal antagonist P. chlororaphis PA23 contains biosynthetic genes for phenazine-1-carboxylic acid and pyrrolnitrin. Moreover, production of these compounds was confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography. Pseudomonas spp. DF41 and B. amyloliquefaciens BS6 do not appear to harbour genes for any of the antibiotics tested. Bacillus thuringiensis BS8, B. cereus L, and B. mycoides S contain the zwittermicin A self-resistance gene. This is the first report of zmaR in B. mycoides.
在温室和田间试验中，绿针假单胞菌PA23、假单胞菌属菌株DF41和枯草芽孢杆菌BS6始终能够抑制油菜花瓣被核盘菌感染。苏云金芽孢杆菌BS8、蜡样芽孢杆菌L和蕈状芽孢杆菌S在平板试验中对核盘菌表现出显著抑制作用。利用聚合酶链反应，并在一个案例中采用Southern印迹法，研究了这些菌株中抗生素生物合成或自身抗性基因的存在情况。使用30种引物扩增（i）编码吩嗪-1-羧酸、2,4-二乙酰基间苯三酚、绿脓菌素和吡咯菌素的抗生素生物合成基因，以及（ii）抗双效霉素A自身抗性基因。我们的研究结果表明，真菌拮抗剂绿针假单胞菌PA23含有吩嗪-1-羧酸和吡咯菌素的生物合成基因。此外，通过高效液相色谱法证实了这些化合物的产生。假单胞菌属DF41和枯草芽孢杆菌BS6似乎不含有所测试的任何抗生素的基因。苏云金芽孢杆菌BS8、蜡样芽孢杆菌L和蕈状芽孢杆菌S含有抗双效霉素A自身抗性基因。这是蕈状芽孢杆菌中zmaR基因的首次报道。
