Margonari Carina, Freitas Christian Rezende, Ribeiro Rosemary Campos, Moura Ana Clara Mourão, Timbó Marcos, Gripp Adriano Heckert, Pessanha José Eduardo, Dias Edelberto Santos
Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou-Fiocruz, 30190-002 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2006 Feb;101(1):31-8. doi: 10.1590/s0074-02762006000100007. Epub 2006 May 12.
The geographic information system approach has permitted integration between demographic, socio-economic and environmental data, providing correlation between information from several data banks. In the current work, occurrence of human and canine visceral leishmaniases and insect vectors (Lutzomyia longipalpis) as well as biogeographic information related to 9 areas that comprise the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, between April 2001 and March 2002 were correlated and georeferenced. By using this technique it was possible to define concentration loci of canine leishmaniasis in the following regions: East; Northeast; Northwest; West; and Venda Nova. However, as for human leishmaniasis, it was not possible to perform the same analysis. Data analysis has also shown that 84.2% of the human leishmaniasis cases were related with canine leishmaniasis cases. Concerning biogeographic (altitude, area of vegetation influence, hydrographic, and areas of poverty) analysis, only altitude showed to influence emergence of leishmaniasis cases. A number of 4673 canine leishmaniasis cases and 64 human leishmaniasis cases were georeferenced, of which 67.5 and 71.9%, respectively, were living between 780 and 880 m above the sea level. At these same altitudes, a large number of phlebotomine sand flies were collected. Therefore, we suggest control measures for leishmaniasis in the city of Belo Horizonte, giving priority to canine leishmaniasis foci and regions at altitudes between 780 and 880 m.
地理信息系统方法允许整合人口、社会经济和环境数据，实现多个数据库信息之间的关联。在当前研究中，对2001年4月至2002年3月期间巴西贝洛奥里藏特市9个区域的人类和犬类内脏利什曼病、昆虫媒介（长须罗蛉）以及生物地理信息进行了关联和地理定位。通过使用该技术，确定了犬类利什曼病在以下区域的集中发病地点：东部；东北部；西北部；西部；以及文达诺瓦。然而，对于人类利什曼病，无法进行同样的分析。数据分析还表明，84.2%的人类利什曼病病例与犬类利什曼病病例相关。关于生物地理（海拔、植被影响区域、水文和贫困区域）分析，只有海拔显示出对利什曼病病例出现有影响。对4673例犬类利什曼病病例和64例人类利什曼病病例进行了地理定位，其中分别有67.5%和71.9%的病例生活在海拔780至880米之间。在这些相同海拔高度，采集到了大量白蛉。因此，我们建议对贝洛奥里藏特市的利什曼病采取控制措施，优先关注犬类利什曼病疫点和海拔780至880米之间的区域。
