Simons Andrew M
Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1S 5B6.
Trends Ecol Evol. 2004 Sep;19(9):453-5. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2004.07.001.
Research into the puzzling phenomena of animal navigation and aggregation has proceeded along two distinct lines. Study of navigation generally focuses on the orientation ability of the individual without reference to the implications of group membership. A simple principle (the 'many wrongs principle'), first proposed by Bergman and Donner in 1964, and developed by both Hamilton and Wallraff three decades ago, provides a link between these lines of current interest by suggesting that navigational accuracy increases with group size. With unprecedented scope for testing the hypotheses it generates, it is now time that the many wrongs principle is exhumed.
对动物导航和聚集这一令人困惑的现象的研究沿着两条不同的路线进行。导航研究通常关注个体的定向能力，而不考虑群体成员身份的影响。1964年由伯格曼和唐纳首次提出、并在三十年前由汉密尔顿和瓦尔拉夫进一步发展的一个简单原则（“多数错误原则”），通过表明导航准确性随群体规模的增加而提高，在当前这些研究方向之间建立了联系。由于对该原则所产生的假设进行测试的范围空前广阔，现在是时候重新审视“多数错误原则”了。
