Cozzolino Salvatore, Widmer Alex
Dipartimento delle Scienze Biologiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Foria 223, I-80139 Naples, Italy.
Trends Ecol Evol. 2005 Sep;20(9):487-94. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2005.06.004. Epub 2005 Jun 23.
The Orchidaceae are one of the most species-rich plant families and their floral diversity and pollination biology have long intrigued evolutionary biologists. About one-third of the estimated 18,500 species are thought to be pollinated by deceit. To date, the focus has been on how such pollination evolved, how the different types of deception work, and how it is maintained, but little progress has been made in understanding its evolutionary consequences. To address this issue, we discuss here how deception affects orchid mating systems, the evolution of reproductive isolation, speciation processes and neutral genetic divergence among species. We argue that pollination by deceit is one of the keys to orchid floral and species diversity. A better understanding of its evolutionary consequences could help evolutionary biologists to unravel the reasons for the evolutionary success of orchids.
兰科是物种最为丰富的植物科之一，其花的多样性和传粉生物学长期以来一直吸引着进化生物学家。据估计，约三分之一的18500种兰花被认为是通过欺骗手段进行传粉的。迄今为止，研究重点一直放在这种传粉方式是如何进化的、不同类型的欺骗是如何起作用的以及它是如何维持的，但在理解其进化后果方面进展甚微。为了解决这个问题，我们在此讨论欺骗如何影响兰花的交配系统、生殖隔离的进化、物种形成过程以及物种间的中性遗传分化。我们认为，欺骗传粉是兰花花和物种多样性的关键之一。更好地理解其进化后果有助于进化生物学家揭示兰花进化成功的原因。
