Coope Gerald, Connett Gary
Bollington Medical Centre, The Waterhouse, Bollington, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 5JL, UK.
Prim Care Respir J. 2006 Apr;15(2):125-7. doi: 10.1016/j.pcrj.2006.02.004. Epub 2006 Mar 9.
Always ask about hoarseness and quality of voice in a history of any child presenting with cough or asthma-like symptoms. Children presenting with what appears to be an acute onset of hoarseness, without any physical signs of airways obstruction, should be reviewed after two weeks. If there is chronic hoarseness, referral to an ENT specialist should be considered with a view to laryngoscopy. If the child develops clinical signs of acute airway obstruction such as stridor or respiratory distress, prompt paediatric review is indicated. When referring, it is important to emphasise whether or not there is chronic hoarseness in order to differentiate the diagnosis from croup. Juvenile Laryngeal Papillomatosis may present with cough, pneumonia, dysphagia, or stridor, as well as hoarseness. These patients are often misdiagnosed as having asthma or allergies.
对于任何出现咳嗽或哮喘样症状的儿童,在病史询问中始终要询问其声音嘶哑情况及嗓音质量。对于那些看似急性起病的声音嘶哑、且无任何气道梗阻体征的儿童,应在两周后进行复查。如果存在慢性声音嘶哑,应考虑转诊至耳鼻喉科专家处,以便进行喉镜检查。如果儿童出现急性气道梗阻的临床体征,如喘鸣或呼吸窘迫,则需立即进行儿科评估。转诊时,强调是否存在慢性声音嘶哑很重要,以便将诊断与喉炎相鉴别。青少年喉乳头状瘤可能表现为咳嗽、肺炎、吞咽困难、喘鸣以及声音嘶哑。这些患者常被误诊为哮喘或过敏。