Van Phillip L, Bakalov Vladimir K, Bondy Carolyn A
Developmental Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Aug;91(8):2867-70. doi: 10.1210/jc.2006-0503. Epub 2006 May 16.
Men typically have a more atherogenic lipid profile than women characterized by higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglyceride levels and reduced lipid particle size, contributing to a greater risk for coronary disease. To determine whether X-chromosomal gene dosage affects lipid metabolism independent of sex steroid effects, we compared lipid profiles in age- and body mass-matched young women with ovarian failure, differing only in X-chromosome dosage.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: Women with premature ovarian failure associated with monosomy X or Turner syndrome (TS, n = 118) were compared with women with 46,XX premature ovarian failure (n = 51) in an in-patient clinical research center unit at the National Institutes of Health. These women were normally on estrogen replacement treatment but discontinued the estrogen 2 wk before study.
Fasting lipid levels and nuclear magnetic resonance lipid particle profiles in the two study groups were the major outcomes.
Average age and body mass were similar in the two groups of women, but LDL cholesterol (P = 0.001) and triglyceride levels (P = 0.0005) were higher in the TS group. Also among women with TS, average LDL particle size was reduced (P < 0.0001) and LDL particle concentration increased, with a 2-fold increase in the smallest particle categories (P < 0.0001). Whereas total high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were similar, high-density lipoprotein particle size was significantly smaller in women with TS, compared with women with premature ovarian failure (P < 0.0001).
Women with 45,X with ovarian failure exhibit a distinctly more atherogenic lipid profile than 46,XX women with ovarian failure, suggesting that the second X-chromosome contributes to a more salutary lipid profile in normal women, independent of sex steroid effects.
男性通常比女性具有更易致动脉粥样硬化的血脂谱，其特点是低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇和甘油三酯水平较高，且脂质颗粒大小减小，这增加了患冠心病的风险。为了确定X染色体基因剂量是否独立于性类固醇效应影响脂质代谢，我们比较了年龄和体重匹配、仅X染色体剂量不同的卵巢功能衰竭年轻女性的血脂谱。
设计、场所与患者：在国立卫生研究院的住院临床研究中心，将与X单体或特纳综合征（TS，n = 118）相关的卵巢早衰女性与46,XX卵巢早衰女性（n = 51）进行比较。这些女性通常接受雌激素替代治疗，但在研究前2周停用雌激素。
两个研究组的空腹血脂水平和核磁共振脂质颗粒谱是主要结局。
两组女性的平均年龄和体重相似，但TS组的LDL胆固醇（P = 0.001）和甘油三酯水平（P = 0.0005）较高。在TS女性中，平均LDL颗粒大小减小（P < 0.0001），LDL颗粒浓度增加，最小颗粒类别增加了2倍（P < 0.0001）。虽然总高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平相似，但与卵巢早衰女性相比，TS女性的高密度脂蛋白颗粒大小明显更小（P < 0.0001）。
45,X卵巢功能衰竭的女性比46,XX卵巢功能衰竭的女性表现出明显更易致动脉粥样硬化的血脂谱，这表明第二条X染色体有助于正常女性形成更有益的血脂谱，独立于性类固醇效应。
