Amarri S, Benatti F, Callegari M L, Shahkhalili Y, Chauffard F, Rochat F, Acheson K J, Hager C, Benyacoub J, Galli E, Rebecchi A, Morelli L
Department of Paediatrics, AUSL, Ravenna, Italy.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2006 May;42(5):488-95. doi: 10.1097/01.mpg.0000221907.14523.6d.
Little is known about changes in intestinal microbiota during the important period of complementary feeding (weaning). This descriptive study investigated changes of selected gut microbiota and markers of gut permeability and the immune system in breast fed infants during the complementary feeding period.
22 healthy, exclusively breast fed infants (from birth to 4 months) with no antibiotic intake during the month prior to the study, were followed from 4 to 9 months of age. Faecal and saliva samples were collected at the start of the study (V0) and at monthly intervals (V1-V5) for measurement of selective gut microbiota (bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, vancomycin-insensitive lactobacilli, enterobacteria, enterococci, Clostridium perfringens) using semi-selective media. Immune markers (alpha-1-antitrypsin, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), secretory IgA and TNF-alpha were measured in saliva and secretory IgA and TNF-alpha in faecal samples.
High stool bifidobacteria counts at the start of the study (7.99 1 1.95 log10 CFU/g faeces) remained stable throughout the 5 months of complementary feeding while counts of enterobacteria and enterococci increased with age (P < 0.05 and P = 0.02 respectively). Vancomycin-insensitive lactobacilli increased significantly during weaning for V0 to V3 (P < 0.01), and then decreased slightly (V4). Faecal Clostridium perfringens remained below the detection limit during the study and parameters measured in saliva did not change. Faecal ECP decreased significantly from 1.011.4 (V0) to 0.510.9 mg/mg protein (V5) P = 0.03.
Age and/or diet modifications during complementary feeding had no impact on faecal bifidobacteria counts but increased those of enterobacteria and enterococci. Transient increases in faecal lactobacilli and vancomycin-insensitive lactobacilli counts were observed. The reduction in faecal ECP may indicate a decrease in gut permeability (reinforcement of gut mucosa integrity) during the weaning period with age [corrected]
关于辅食添加（断奶）这一重要时期肠道微生物群的变化，我们了解甚少。这项描述性研究调查了母乳喂养婴儿在辅食添加期间特定肠道微生物群的变化以及肠道通透性和免疫系统的标志物。
22名健康的纯母乳喂养婴儿（出生至4个月），在研究前一个月未摄入抗生素，从4个月至9个月进行跟踪研究。在研究开始时（V0）以及每月（V1 - V5）采集粪便和唾液样本，使用半选择性培养基测量特定肠道微生物群（双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌、万古霉素不敏感乳酸杆菌、肠杆菌、肠球菌、产气荚膜梭菌）。在唾液中测量免疫标志物（α-1-抗胰蛋白酶、嗜酸性粒细胞阳离子蛋白（ECP）、分泌型IgA和TNF-α），在粪便样本中测量分泌型IgA和TNF-α。
研究开始时粪便双歧杆菌计数较高（7.99 ± 1.95 log10 CFU/g粪便），在整个5个月的辅食添加期保持稳定，而肠杆菌和肠球菌计数随年龄增加（分别为P < 0.05和P = 0.02）。万古霉素不敏感乳酸杆菌在断奶期间从V0到V3显著增加（P < 0.01），然后略有下降（V4）。研究期间粪便产气荚膜梭菌仍低于检测限，唾液中测量的参数没有变化。粪便ECP从1.01 ± 1.4（V0）显著降至0.51 ± 0.9 mg/mg蛋白（V5），P = 0.03。
辅食添加期间年龄和/或饮食改变对粪便双歧杆菌计数没有影响，但增加了肠杆菌和肠球菌的计数。观察到粪便乳酸杆菌和万古霉素不敏感乳酸杆菌计数短暂增加。粪便ECP的降低可能表明随着年龄增长，断奶期肠道通透性降低（肠道黏膜完整性增强）[校正后]
