Ways to say no: refusal skill strategies among urban adolescents.
作者信息
Nichols Tracy R, Graber Julia A, Brooks-Gunn Jeanne, Botvin Gilbert J
机构信息
Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 411 East 69th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA.
出版信息
Am J Health Behav. 2006 May-Jun;30(3):227-36. doi: 10.5555/ajhb.2006.30.3.227.
OBJECTIVES
To examine associations among adolescents' generated verbal strategies (ie, Simple No, Declarative Statements, Excuse, Alternatives) and underlying nonverbal assertiveness in 2 refusal situations: smoking and shoplifting.
METHODS
Sixth-grade urban minority students (N = 454) participated in videotaped role-play assessments of peer refusal skills.
RESULTS
Differences were found by situation with students demonstrating greater use of Simple No in the smoking refusal and Alternatives in the shoplifting refusal. Nonverbal assertiveness was similar across situations and was associated with Declarative Statements, but only in the smoking refusal.
CONCLUSIONS
Prevention programs should tailor refusal skills practice to cover multiple situations.
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