Xin Wang, Yin Zhang, Qin Zhang, Jian Liu, Tanuseputro Peter, Gomez Manuel, Beveridge Massey, Zhenjiang Liao
Burn Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Second Medical University, 200025 Shanghai, PR China.
Burns. 2006 Aug;32(5):613-8. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2005.12.012. Epub 2006 May 19.
To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pediatric burn patients in Shanghai and to determine the targets for a pediatric burn prevention program, a retrospective review of all medical records of acute pediatric burn patients (age</=14 years old) admitted to the Burn Center of the Ruijin Hospital between January 1980 and December 2002 was performed. Patient demographics, etiology of burn, mechanism of injury, extent and anatomical areas burned, number of operations, and length of hospital stay were recorded. A total of 1494 pediatric burn patients were admitted. Six hundred eighty-seven (46%) patients were from the migrant population (non-registered population of temporary workers from rural areas outside of Shanghai). Scalding was the main cause of pediatric burns in the age groups. Children 0-3-year-old were the most common victims of scalding, chemical burns, and contact burns. Domestic burns resulted in 1293 (86.5%) injuries followed by burns occurring while playing in public. The incidence of domestic burns has increased since the beginning of the study period, while the incidence of burns while playing in public has decreased. The median total body surface area was 4% for mild burns, 10% for moderate burns, and 18% for extensive burns. Predominant areas involved were the head, neck, anterior trunk, and right lower limb. Most children received conservative treatment, and their mean hospital stay was 16.1+/-12.2 days. There were 17 (1.1%) deaths, mostly due to sepsis (82.4%). Migrant children are the majority of burn victims since 1996. The education of burn prevention should focus on the migrant population in an industrializing city.
为分析上海小儿烧伤患者的流行病学特征并确定小儿烧伤预防项目的目标，我们对1980年1月至2002年12月期间瑞金医院烧伤中心收治的所有急性小儿烧伤患者（年龄≤14岁）的病历进行了回顾性研究。记录了患者的人口统计学资料、烧伤病因、损伤机制、烧伤面积和部位、手术次数及住院时间。共收治1494例小儿烧伤患者。其中687例（46%）来自流动人口（上海市外农村地区的非户籍临时工）。烫伤是各年龄组小儿烧伤的主要原因。0至3岁儿童是烫伤、化学烧伤和接触烧伤最常见的受害者。家庭烧伤导致1293例（86.5%）损伤，其次是在公共场所玩耍时发生的烧伤。自研究开始以来，家庭烧伤的发生率有所上升，而在公共场所玩耍时烧伤的发生率有所下降。轻度烧伤的中位全身表面积为4%，中度烧伤为10%，重度烧伤为18%。主要受累部位为头、颈、前胸和右下肢。大多数儿童接受保守治疗，平均住院时间为16.1±12.2天。有17例（1.1%）死亡，主要原因是败血症（82.4%）。自1996年以来，外来务工人员子女是烧伤受害者的主体。在工业化城市，烧伤预防教育应重点关注流动人口。
