Burn Center, Anshan Hospital of the First Hospital of China Medical University, Anshan, Liaoning, China.
Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China.
Burns Trauma. 2014 Jul 28;2(3):136-40. doi: 10.4103/2321-3868.137605. eCollection 2014.
Accidental injury due to burns is a serious and common, but preventable, occurrence in children. To analyze the characteristics of pediatric burns in the south of Liaoning province of China, a retrospective review was conducted of information, including general characteristics, demographics, etiology of burns, anatomical areas burned, and severity of injuries, obtained from medical records of pediatric burn patients admitted to the Burn Center of Anshan Hospital of the First Hospital of China Medical University from 2002 to 2011. Differences between age-groups and cause and severity of injuries were examined using Cochran-Mantel-Haenzsel (C-M-H) statistic or chi-square (χ(2)) analyses where appropriate. A total of 985 pediatric burn cases were included, with only one death. The maximal burn area recorded was 80% and the maximal third-degree burn area was 45%. The majority of burns (637/985, 64.67%) were moderate second-degree wounds, encompassing 5-14% of the total body surface area. The infant age-group (<3 years old) had the largest representation (622/985, 63.15%), with more males than females affected. Most of the injuries occurred at home in children living in the local region. Scalding accounted for 89.85% (885/985) of all injuries, with a decreasing incidence with age, whereas injuries due to flames and from electrical sources markedly increased with age. Only a minority of guardians (244/985, 24.77%) had burn prevention knowledge, and none of them knew how to provide first-aid treatment for burn injuries. These results indicate that the majority of pediatric burns occur in children less than 3 years of age from scalds received while at home. As a large proportion of these cases occurred in rural areas, programs emphasizing burn prevention and treatment knowledge should therefore be made more available to these families.
在中国辽南地区，因烧伤导致的意外伤害是一种严重且常见但可预防的儿童疾病。为分析该地区儿童烧伤的特点，我们对中国医科大学附属第一医院鞍山医院烧伤中心 2002 年至 2011 年收治的儿童烧伤患者的病历资料进行了回顾性分析，内容包括一般特征、人口统计学资料、烧伤病因、烧伤解剖部位和损伤严重程度。应用 Cochran-Mantel-Haenzsel（C-M-H）检验或卡方（χ(2)）检验分析年龄组间差异及烧伤病因和严重程度的差异。结果共纳入 985 例儿童烧伤患者，仅 1 例死亡。记录的最大烧伤面积为 80%，最大三度烧伤面积为 45%。多数烧伤（637/985，64.67%）为中重度二度创面，占体表面积的 5%-14%。婴儿（<3 岁）年龄段（622/985，63.15%）占比最大，且男性多于女性。大多数损伤发生在居住于当地的儿童家中。烫伤占所有损伤的 89.85%（885/985），随年龄增长发生率逐渐降低，而火焰伤和电烧伤则随年龄增长显著增加。仅有少数（244/985，24.77%）监护人具有烧伤预防知识，且无人知晓如何对烧伤进行急救处理。这些结果表明，大多数儿童烧伤发生在 3 岁以下在家中被烫伤的儿童中。由于这些病例大部分发生在农村地区，因此应向这些家庭提供更多强调烧伤预防和治疗知识的项目。
